Hominin Features Flashcards
1
Q
Australopithecus afarensis
A
- erect
- bipedal
- relatively long forelimb (ape-like)
- sexually dimorphism (chimp like)
- small brains (chimp like)
- intermediate teeth (pre-canine diastema, reduced canine, thicker enamel)
- neck down: more like a human
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2
Q
Paranthropus robustus
A
- more robustly built (masticatory apparatus)
- small incisors
- reduced canines
- massive cheek teeth
- sagittal crest for attachment of temporalis muscle
3
Q
Homo rudolfensis
A
- face size reduced
- smaller teeth
4
Q
Homo habilis
A
- face size reduced
- smaller teeth
- thinner enamel
- Oldowan tool use
5
Q
Homo erectus
A
- used fire
- Oldowan tools
- dead end group
6
Q
Homo ergaster
A
- fully terrestrial bipedal
- longer developmental period (later molar eruption) - Nariokatome Boy
- First wave of migration
- Acheulian tools, fire, hunted large animals
7
Q
Homo heidelbergensis
A
- Second wave of migration
- Acheulian tools, fire, hunted large animals
8
Q
Homo neanderthalensis
A
- large and elongated skull
- occipital bun
- supraorbital torus
- brain slightly larger than modern humans
- large nose (as air is breathed in it is warmed before entering the lungs - cold climate)
9
Q
Homo sapien
A
- chin
- third wave of migration out of Africa ,
10
Q
What is a morphological trait used to distinguish between humans and apes?
A
Diastema present in chimps
11
Q
What is a diastema?
A
Space between the upper canine and incisor that accommodates the lower canine
12
Q
What is brachiation?
A
Method of movement that uses ams to swing from branch to branch
13
Q
What anatomical features are associated with brachiation?
A
- long arms
- relatively short legs
- long, slender fingers
- great mobility in joints
14
Q
Chimp anatomical traits
A
- hindlimbs shorter than forelimbs
- long pelvis
- knuckle walking (forelimbs bear weight when walking quadrupedally)
- protruding face
- posterior foramen magnum
15
Q
Evolution of hominidae themes
A
- locomotion
- diet
- brain
