Tissues Flashcards
Simple
One layer of cells
Stratified
More than one layer of cells
Tight junction
Prevents passage of water and solutes between cells
Gap junction
Allows for the passage of water and solutes through the cell
Desmosomes
Tie adjacent cells together
4 types of tissues
- epithelial tissue
- connective tissue
- muscle tissue
- neural tissue
Functions of epithelial tissue
- physical protection
- control permeability
- provide sensation
- provide specialized secretions
Endocrine
Release hormones into interstitial fluid
Exocrine
Release secretions onto epithelial surface via ducts
Merocrine mode of secretion
Produced in Golgi and released by vesicles
Apocrine mode of secretion
Produced in Golgi, apical section of cell is filled with vesicles, cytoplasm is shed
Holocrine mode of secretion
Entire cell filled with secretion, cell bursts
Serous glands
Watery secretions that contain enzymes
Mucous glands
Release mucins that hydrate into mucus
Mixed glands
Release both watery secretions and mucins
Two types of supporting connective tissue
Cartilage and bone
Two categories of glands
Tubular and aveolar
6 functions of connective tissue
- structure
- transportation
- protects organs
- supports and connects of tissues
- store energy
- defend from microorganisms
Cutaneous membrane is also known as our
Skin
4 types of membranes
- mucous
- serous
- cutaneous
- synovial
3 types of muscle tissue
- smooth
- cardiac
- skeletal
Two nervous tissue cell types
- neurons
* neuroganglia
3 types of cartilage
- hyaline
- elastic
- fibrous
Function of hyaline cartilage
- Stiff but flexible support
* reduce friction
Function of fibrous cartilage
- prevents bone to bone contact
* limits movement of joints
3 fibers in connective tissue
- collagen
- reticular
- elastic
Ground substance
Fills spaces between cells
Loose connective tissue function
Fills spaces within the body
Dense regular connective tissue function
Firm attachment
Dense irregular connective tissue function
Prevents over expansion of organs
Elastic connective tissue function
Stabilize vertebrae, shock absorption
Reticular connective tissue function
Supports functional cells
3 types of loose connective tissue
- areolar
- adipose
- reticular
3 types of dense connective tissue
- dense regular
- dense irregular
- elastic
Connective tissue proper
Connective tissue with many types of cells and extra cellular fibers
Supporting connective tissue
Less diverse cell population and has a matrix with more densely packed fibers
Areolar tissue
•Least specialized
•separates skin from muscle
•mostly ground substance
•
What cell is always present in connective tissue
Fibroblast
Fibroblast function
Secrets fibers to build extralegal at matrix
Mucous membrane line
Passages and chambers exposed to the outside world
Serous membrane lines
Sealed inter subdivisions of the ventral (front) body cavity
Synovial membrane lines
Joints and cavities
Location of hyaline cartilage
- between ribs and joints
* covers ends of bones at joints
Where is fibrous cartilage found?
Between vertebrae
Where is elastic cartilage found
- ears and nose
* between vertebrae
Process that occurs after injury
- inflammation
* regeneration
Mast cell function
Stimulate inflammation
Microphages function
Blood cell that engulfs small bacteria
Lymphocytes function
Produce antibodies
Mesenchymal
Connective tissue stem cells that produce fibroblasts and macrophages
Macrophage function
Eat pathogens and damaged cells
Fibrocyte function
Maintain fibers and connective tissue
Where would stratified squamous epithelia be found
The outer layer of skin
Where would simple cuboidal be found
The ducts of glands
Where would simple columnar be found
The digestive tract
Where would pseudo stratified be found
Air passages
Where would simple squamous be found
Lining of air sacs in the lungs
3 categories of connective tissues
- connective tissue proper
- fluid connective tissue
- supporting connective tissue
Two types of fluid connective tissue
Blood and lymph
Adipose tissue function
Provides padding, absorbs shock, insulates
Adipocyte
Fat cells that store energy
Function if elastic cartilage
Provides support and tolerates distortion
Mucous membrane function
Line passages that open to the outside world
Serous membrane function
Line sealed internal cavities
Synovial membrane function
Creates synovial fluid that reduces friction between joints
Smooth muscle appearance, location, and control
- almond shaped, not striated, 1 nuclei in middle
- surrounding hollow organs and blood vessels
- involuntary
Cardiac muscle appearance, location, and control
- branched, striated, 1-2 nuclei
- heart
- involuntary
Skeletal muscle appearance, location, and control
- straight, many nuclei, striated
- attached to tendon/bone
- voluntary
