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Human A+P > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

functions

A 
▫provides extensive gas exchange surface
▫moves air to and from gas exchange surfaces
▫protects respiratory surfaces
▫produces sounds
▫participates in smell
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2
Q

upper respiratory system

A

▫nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx

▫ anything above larynx

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3
Q

lower respiratory system

A

▫larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs

▫everything below larynx

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4
Q

nasal cavity

A

hollow space behind nose

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5
Q

nasal septum

A

divides the nose into left and right

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6
Q

nasal concha

A

▫bones that divide nasal cavity

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7
Q

nasal concha functions

A

▫divide nasal cavity
▫support mucus membrane
▫increase surface area

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8
Q

mucus membrane

A

▫warms and moistens air

▫traps dust

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9
Q

paranasal sinuses found in what bones

A

maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

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10
Q

paranasal sinus function

A

▫reduce weight of skull

▫resonance chamber for voice

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11
Q

pharynx

A

space behind the oral cavity between nasal cavity and larynx

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12
Q

divisions if the pharynx

A

▫nasopharynx
▫oropharynx
▫laryngopharynx (close to larynx)

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13
Q

larynx

A

enlargement at the top of the trachea that houses the vocal chords

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14
Q

Adams apple

A

thyroid cartilage

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15
Q

glottis

A

part of larynx consisting of vocal cords and the opening between them

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16
Q

false vocal folds

A

help close airway during swallowing

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17
Q

true vocal folds

A

produce sound

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18
Q

voice modulation affected by

A

expansion and contraction if glottis

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19
Q

increased tension =

A

higher pitch

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20
Q

epiglottis

A

flaplike structure that closes during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway

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21
Q

which structure has cartilage rings for struxture

A

trachea

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22
Q

trachea

A

“windpipe” that leads to bronchial tree within the lungs

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23
Q

pathway of air into lungs

A 
▫trachea
▫primary bronchi
▫secondary bronchi
▫tertiary bronchi
▫bronchioles
24
Q

bronchioles

A

contain air sacs called alveoli

25
Q

alveoli

A

area where gas exchange occurs between air and lungs

26
Q

lungs

A

spongy tissue that sits within the pleural cavities

27
Q

serous fluid

A

lubricated lungs to reduce friction during breathing

28
Q

right lung has how many lobes

A

3

29
Q

left lung has how many lobes

A

2

30
Q

which kung has the cardiac notch

A

left

31
Q

breathing (ventilation)

A

air in and out of lungs

32
Q

external respiration

A

gas exchange between air and blood

33
Q

internal respiration

A

gas exchange between blood and tissue

34
Q

cellular respiration

A

oxygen used to make atp

35
Q

what in alveoli keeps then from collapsing

A

surface tension

36
Q

what happens during inhalation

A

▫diaphragm moves down

▫intercostal muscles contract

37
Q

what occurs during exhalation

A

▫diaphragm relaxes and elastic recoil forces air out of airways

38
Q

internal pressure of pleural cavity must be ______ atmospheric pressure for inhalation and ______ atmospheric pressure for exhalation

A

▫below

▫above

39
Q

hiccup

A

spasm of the diaphragm

40
Q

example a of nonrespiratory movements

A

coughing, laughing, sneezing, crying

41
Q

spirometry

A

measures amount of air moving in and out of the lungs

42
Q

respiratory cycle

A

1 inhalation and 1 exhalation

43
Q

vital capacity

A

max amount if air that can be forcibly exhaled

44
Q

tidal volume

A

air inhaled/exhaled during normal respiration

45
Q

resting tidal volume

A

amount of air that enters the lungs during one normal cycle

46
Q

reserve volume

A

air that can be forced in or out (after a pause)

47
Q

residual volume

A

amount of air left in lung after max exhalation

48
Q

respiratory center is located where in the brain

A

medulla and pons

49
Q

medulla is responsible for

A

rhythmic breathing

50
Q

dorsal group controls

A

rythm

51
Q

ventral group controls

A

forced breathing

52
Q

pins is responsible for

A

slowing respirstion

53
Q

hyperventalation

A

▫overbreathing

▫body expels more carbon dioxide than producing

54
Q

how to fix hypervantalation

A

breath into a brown paper bag

55
Q

hypoxia

A

lack of oxygen within tissues and organs

56
Q

asphyxia

A

deficient oxygen supply due to inability to breath normally

Human A+P (18 decks)

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