Chapter 3

Question 1

Plasma membrane

Answer 1

Outer boundary of cell that acts as a physical barrier and responds to signals

Question 2

Membrane lipids

Answer 2

Form most of the surface if the plasma membrane

Question 3

Integral membrane proteins

Answer 3

Proteins that cannot be removed, the typically span the entire membrane

Question 4

Peripheral membrane proteins

Answer 4

Proteins bound to inner and outer surfaces of the membrane

Question 5

Membrane carbohydrates function

Answer 5

Protection, anchoring, movement, binding, identification

Question 6

Active transport

Answer 6

Requires energy

Question 7

Passive transport

Answer 7

Does not require energy

Question 8

Diffusion

Answer 8

Movement of molecules from an area if high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 9

Concentration gradient

Answer 9

The difference between high and low concentrations

Question 10

Simple diffusion

Answer 10

Molecules just pass through the membrane

Question 11

Channel mediated transport diffusion

Answer 11

Materials pass through transmembrane proteins

Question 12

Osmosis

Answer 12

Diffusion of water across a membrane

Question 13

Isotonic

Answer 13

Solute concentrations are equal, no net movement of water

Question 14

Hypotonic

Answer 14

Solution had a lower solute concentration, cell will gain water

Question 15

Hypertonic solution

Answer 15

Solution has a higher solute concentration, cell will lose water

Question 16

Cotransport (symport)

Answer 16

Protein carries two substrates in the same direction

Question 17

Countertransport (antiport)

Answer 17

One substrate moves in, one moves out

Question 18

Sodium potassium exchange pump

Answer 18

3 Na+ in 2K+ out

Question 19

Secondary active transport

Answer 19

Transport doesnt require energy, but energy will have to he used to get back to homeostasis

Question 20

Endocytosis

Answer 20

Moving materials in via vesicles, active transport

Question 21

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 21

Receptors bind to ligands, forms vesicle

Question 22

Pinocytosis

Answer 22

Forms vesicle around interstitial fluid and brings it in

Question 23

Phagocytosis

Answer 23

Forms vesicle around large object and brings it in for distruction

Question 24

Exocytosis

Answer 24

Vesicle binds with membrane to release substances

Question 25

Interphase

Answer 25

Nondividing stage of normal cell function

Question 26

Prophase

Answer 26

Nucleoli disappear, centrioles move to poles

Question 27

Metaphase

Answer 27

Chromosomes align in the center

Question 28

Anaphase

Answer 28

Chromosomes are pulled apart

Question 29

Telophase

Answer 29

Cell splits, nuclear membrane reforms

Question 30

Stages in the cell cycle

Answer 30

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 31

Benign

Answer 31

Not life threatening

Question 32

Malignant

Answer 32

Spreads and starts new tumors

Question 33

Tumor

Answer 33

Enlarged mass of cells

Question 34

Metastisis

Answer 34

Development if a new secondary tumor away from the primary tumor

Question 35

Cancer

Answer 35

Uncontrolled cell growth

Question 36

Microvili

Answer 36

Increase surface area

Question 37

Centrioles

Answer 37

Help divide the cell

Question 38

Cilia

Answer 38

Move cell around

Question 39

Golgi aparatus

Answer 39

Sorts and packages proteins

Question 40

Mitochondria

Answer 40

Create energy

Question 41

Rough er

Answer 41

Protein folding occurs

Question 42

Smooth er

Answer 42

Produces lipids

Question 43

Proteasome

Answer 43

Break down damaged proteins

Question 44

Nucleus

Answer 44

Holds directions for protein production

Question 45

Ribosomes

Answer 45

Where proteins are made

Question 46

Lysosome

Answer 46

Remove waste

Question 47

Peroxisome

Answer 47

Break down fatty acids to he reused