Tissue Changes In Airway Diseases Flashcards
What influences homeostasis?
Gene expression
Protein expression
What influences the expression of genes and proteins?
Cell contact
Pathogens
Oxygen
Matrix contact
What do perturbations affect?
Matrix
Commensals
Cells
What are environmental cues of stem cell differentiation?
Soluble factors
Cell-cell contact
Physical forces
What is the cellular response to stem cell differentiation?
Self-renewal
Differentiation
Migration
Metabolism/biosynthesis
What is the matrix and what does it contain?
Scaffold for cells
Contains fibroblasts
Outline 3 dynamic turnovers of the matrix;
- MMPs (matrixmetalloproteases)
-TIMPs (tissue inhibitors of MMPs)
-ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloprotease)
Give the key concepts of tolerance;
Random process for generation of antigen recognition - B&T cells
we make self reactive cells
Must be removed or made non functional
Describe chronic subclinical inflammation;
- develops over a life course
- genetic and environmental interactions
Describe inflammation in association with environmental exposure;
Sterile damage
Infection
Innate immune activity
What ways does environmental exposure alter the way in which self antigen is presented to the immune system?
- pro-inflammatory cytokines
- molecular mimicry
What is chimerism & mosaicism?
More than one DNA profile
Chinerism- absorbed twin/two zygotes fuse
Mosaicism- single egg; mutation
Describe the effects of a mother possessing the stem cells of her children;
- reside unnoticed in the body
- if damage occurs they proliferate
-replace damaged tissue; then manifest auto immune disease
What are the key features of the airways?
Airway inflammation
Airway remodelling
Describe asthma;
300 million people affected worldwide
Most common chronic disease among children
