Timber based material Flashcards
what is chipboard
a man made sheet material, made from small chips of timber glued together to produce a dense sheet
what is MDF
manufactured board made from small timber fibres that are mixed with wax and resin. they are heated and compressed so that a flat, usable sheet is produced
how is plywood made
by gluing at least three layers of sheet timber together at right angles to each other (laminating)
why is plywood a strong wood
because the grain of the timber sheets are glued together in different directions
ways timber can be altered
- staining
- varnishing
- oiling
- waxing
- painting
- laminating
why is MDF often laminated with a single sheet of hardwood veneer
to give the impression that solid hardwood gad been used to make a product, but at a fraction of a cost
how to prevent timber from snapping
- kerfing
- soaking the timber in water
- exposing the timber to steam
what is kerfing
cutting slots in a material to aid bending
how to reinforce or strengthen timber
- have the timber glued at right angles to each other, it makes it harder to bend
what is high cross - sectional stability
the ability to withstand flexing
How is timber made step by step
- tree is chopped
- branches are removed, so were only left with the trunk
- the tree trunks are transported to a sawmill, where the trees are cut to usable planks (this is called conversion)
- At this point, the timber can be sold, and if its been freshly cut, its sold as green timber because of its high moisture content
- if the timber has been dried out before being sold, then it has been seasoned, can be done by air or with kiln
what is rough cut timber
timber that is cut quickly with a saw only
what is a planed square edge
the process of using a plane to smooth one edge of a plank
what is a plank
a piece of timber that is longer and wider than it is thick
what is board
a piece of material that is much wider than it is thick
what os a moulding
a piece of timber that has a decorative pattern along its length
what is a spindle moulder
a rotary cutter used to add a decorative pattern to a length of timber
what is a veneer
a thin sheet of timber
how is veneer made
- the timber is rotated as a blade cuts a thin sheet of veneer from the trunk
whats a tape measure used for
to measure long distances
what is a try square
for marking out angles that are 90 degrees to an edge
what is a mitre
for marking out angles that are 45 degrees to an edge
what is a sliding bevel used for
to mark an angle that you set to edge
what are marking and mortise gauges used for
marking gauge - to scratch a line that is parallel to an edge
mortise gauge - to scratch a SET of parallel lines to an edge
what is a rip saw used for
for ripping through and rough cutting thicker plants and boards
what is a tenon saw used for
for cutting straight lines with accuracy
what are coping saws, jig saws and scroll saws used for
to cope with curves and to cut thinner pieces of timber
what are twist drills used for
to drill a hole of a fixed diameter into a piece of timber
what is chiselling used for
used to remove timber, usually up to a cut or between two cuts
what is planing used for
used to smooth the edge of a piece of timber by running a sharp blade in the direction of the grain, or can be used at an angle to produce a chamfered edge
what is sanding used for
used to achieve a profiled shape or smooth surface by removing fine particles, normally in the final stage
what is routing
user a router
