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DT GCSE AQA > Material categories and properties > Flashcards

Material categories and properties Flashcards

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1
Q

what are physical properties

A

the traits a material has before it is used

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2
Q

examples of physical properties

A
  • absorbency
  • density
  • thermal and electrical conductivity
  • fusibility
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3
Q

what is absorbency

A

a materials ability to take in moisture

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4
Q

what is density

A

how compact a material is, its mass/volume

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5
Q

what is fusibility

A

the ability of a material to be heated and joined to another material when cooled

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6
Q

what is electrical and thermal conductivity

A

how easy it is to pass heat or electricity through a material

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7
Q

what are working properties

A

properties a material has once it has been manipulated

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8
Q

examples of working properties

A
  • hardness
    -toughness
  • strength
    -malleability
    -ductility
  • elasticity
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9
Q

what is hardness

A

the ability to withstand scratches and impact without breaking

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10
Q

what is toughness

A

a materials ability to withstand shock, hard to break

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11
Q

what is malleability

A

the ability to be bent and shaped easily

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12
Q

what is ductility

A

the ability to be drawn into wire

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13
Q

what is elasticity

A

the ability to be stretched and then return to its original shape

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14
Q

where does paper come from

A

wood pulp

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15
Q

properties and uses of cartridge paper

A
  • high quality
  • textured surface
  • used for sketches, especially with ink and watercolour
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16
Q

properties and uses of layout paper

A
  • thin
  • translucent
  • used for general design work, e.g - sketches
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17
Q

properties and uses of tracing paper

A
  • translucent
  • takes pencil well
  • used to copy images
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18
Q

properties and uses of grid paper

A
  • usually have a grid or isometric pattern printed on it
  • useful for orthographic and scale drawings
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19
Q

properties of bleed proof paper

A
  • doesnt bleed (spread out), stays put
  • used when drawing with felt tips or markers
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20
Q

properties and uses of corrugated card

A
  • paper bonded to the outside
  • corrugations make it strong, protective and insulating
  • used in packaging
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21
Q

properties and uses on duplex board

A
  • Two layers of card bonded together
  • different colour and texture on both sides
  • stiff
  • lightweight
  • used in food packaging
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22
Q

properties and uses of foil lined board

A
  • has a aluminium foil lining
  • oil resistant
  • foil keeps flavour in, air and moisture out
  • used to package food
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23
Q

properties and uses of foam core board

A
  • Smooth surface, laminated with white board
  • thick
  • rigid
  • lightweight
  • used for modelling
24
Q

properties and uses of solid white board

A
  • Smooth on both sides
  • high quality
  • stiff
  • used in individual (primary) packaging
25
Q

properties and uses of ink jet card

A
  • Bright white and smooth on both sides
  • used for inkjet printing, allows the printed image to be sharply defined
26
Q

Properties of hardwoods

A
  • take longer to grow
  • not easily accesible
  • more expensive
27
Q

examples of hardwoods

A

oak
ash
balsa
beech
mahogany

28
Q

properties and uses of oak

A
  • tough
  • strong
  • durable
  • attractive grain
  • used in flooring, furniture, interior panelling
  • corrodes steel
29
Q

properties and uses of mahogany

A
  • red brown
  • durable
  • easy to work with
  • expensive
  • used in high quality furniture
30
Q

properties and uses of Beech

A
  • pinkish brown
  • hard
  • can be bent using steam
  • used for chairs and toys
31
Q

properties and uses of balsa

A
  • white, tan
    -for a hardwood, it has a very low density and is very soft
  • used in modelling as it’s easy to cut and shape
32
Q

properties and uses of ash

A
  • pale, cream
  • tough, absorbs shock well
  • used in tool handles, sports equipment
  • attractive, used for furniture
33
Q

properties and uses of larch

A
  • Pale coloured with a contrasting darker grain,
  • knotty
    -Durable
  • easy to machine
  • high sap content gives it good water resistance
  • used for exterior building and flooring
34
Q

properties and uses of pine

A
  • lightweight
  • easy to form
  • used for construction and decking
35
Q

properties and uses of spruce

A
  • easy to form
  • takes stain colour well
  • used for construction and furniture
36
Q

what is manufactured board

A

a type of engineered wood that is made by binding timber waste together with adhesive

37
Q

properties and uses of Medium density fibreboard (MDF)

A

-Smooth
- easy to finish,
- absorbs moisture so not suitable for outdoor use,
- used for kitchens and flat pack furniture

38
Q

properties and uses of plywood

A
  • easy to cut and finish
  • can be stained or painted
  • used for shelving, construction and toys
39
Q

properties and uses of chipboard

A
  • strong
  • absorbent to water
  • used for veneered worktops and flooring
40
Q

what are ferrous metals

A

metals which contain iron, meaning they can rust

41
Q

examples of ferrous metals

A
  • low carbon steel
  • high carbon steel
  • cast iron
42
Q

properties and uses of low carbon steel

A
  • ductile
  • tough
  • easy to form, braze, weld
  • used for construction
  • used for bolts, nuts, bike frames
43
Q

properties and uses of cast iron

A
  • rusts easily
  • its brittle if its thin
  • can be cast into a mould
  • used for manhole covers, pans and gates
44
Q

properties of high carbon steel

A
  • Hard-wearing, harder than low-carbon steel
  • less ductile but good for making tools
  • sharpens well
  • used in chisels
45
Q

what are non ferrous metals

A

metals that dont rust

46
Q

examples of non ferrous metals

A
  • aluminium
  • copper
  • tin
  • zinc
47
Q

properies and uses of aluminium

A
  • lightweight
  • strong
  • ductile
  • used in kitchen utensils and drink cans
48
Q

properties and uses of zinc

A
  • brittle
  • average malleability and conductivity
  • used to galvanise steel
49
Q

properties and uses of tin

A
  • soft and malleable
  • easy to form
  • used to make food cans
50
Q

properties and uses of copper

A
  • good electrical conductor
  • can be polished
  • welds easily
  • used for plumbing parts and electrical cables
51
Q

what are alloys

A

mixtures of metal with an element to improve its properties or aesthetic

52
Q

examples of alloys

A
  • brass
  • stainless steel
  • high speed steel
53
Q

properties and uses of brass

A
  • An alloy of copper and zinc
  • can be cast and machined, used for musical instruments and ornamental hardware
54
Q

properties of stainless steel

A
  • An alloy of chromium, nickel and manganese
  • hard and smooth
  • used for cutlery and sinks
55
Q

properties and uses of high speed steel

A
  • Can be alloyed with a variety of materials for different properties
  • can withstand high temperatures
  • used for drill bits and saw blades
56
Q

why are metals alloyed

A

to improve working properties and aesthetics

DT GCSE AQA (31 decks)

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