Material categories and properties

Question 1

what are physical properties

Answer 1

the traits a material has before it is used

Question 2

examples of physical properties

Answer 2

• absorbency
• density
• thermal and electrical conductivity
• fusibility

Question 3

what is absorbency

Answer 3

a materials ability to take in moisture

Question 4

what is density

Answer 4

how compact a material is, its mass/volume

Question 5

what is fusibility

Answer 5

the ability of a material to be heated and joined to another material when cooled

Question 6

what is electrical and thermal conductivity

Answer 6

how easy it is to pass heat or electricity through a material

Question 7

what are working properties

Answer 7

properties a material has once it has been manipulated

Question 8

examples of working properties

Answer 8

• hardness
  -toughness
• strength
  -malleability
  -ductility
• elasticity

Question 9

what is hardness

Answer 9

the ability to withstand scratches and impact without breaking

Question 10

what is toughness

Answer 10

a materials ability to withstand shock, hard to break

Question 11

what is malleability

Answer 11

the ability to be bent and shaped easily

Question 12

what is ductility

Answer 12

the ability to be drawn into wire

Question 13

what is elasticity

Answer 13

the ability to be stretched and then return to its original shape

Question 14

where does paper come from

Answer 14

wood pulp

Question 15

properties and uses of cartridge paper

Answer 15

• high quality
• textured surface
• used for sketches, especially with ink and watercolour

Question 16

properties and uses of layout paper

Answer 16

• thin
• translucent
• used for general design work, e.g - sketches

Question 17

properties and uses of tracing paper

Answer 17

• translucent
• takes pencil well
• used to copy images

Question 18

properties and uses of grid paper

Answer 18

• usually have a grid or isometric pattern printed on it
• useful for orthographic and scale drawings

Question 19

properties of bleed proof paper

Answer 19

• doesnt bleed (spread out), stays put
• used when drawing with felt tips or markers

Question 20

properties and uses of corrugated card

Answer 20

• paper bonded to the outside
• corrugations make it strong, protective and insulating
• used in packaging

Question 21

properties and uses on duplex board

Answer 21

• Two layers of card bonded together
• different colour and texture on both sides
• stiff
• lightweight
• used in food packaging

Question 22

properties and uses of foil lined board

Answer 22

• has a aluminium foil lining
• oil resistant
• foil keeps flavour in, air and moisture out
• used to package food

Question 23

properties and uses of foam core board

Answer 23

• Smooth surface, laminated with white board
• thick
• rigid
• lightweight
• used for modelling

Question 24

properties and uses of solid white board

Answer 24

• Smooth on both sides
• high quality
• stiff
• used in individual (primary) packaging

Question 25

properties and uses of ink jet card

Answer 25

- Bright white and smooth on both sides - used for inkjet printing, allows the printed image to be sharply defined

Question 26

Properties of hardwoods

Answer 26

- take longer to grow - not easily accesible - more expensive

Question 27

examples of hardwoods

Answer 27

oak ash balsa beech mahogany

Question 28

properties and uses of oak

Answer 28

- tough - strong - durable - attractive grain - used in flooring, furniture, interior panelling - corrodes steel

Question 29

properties and uses of mahogany

Answer 29

- red brown - durable - easy to work with - expensive - used in high quality furniture

Question 30

properties and uses of Beech

Answer 30

- pinkish brown - hard - can be bent using steam - used for chairs and toys

Question 31

properties and uses of balsa

Answer 31

- white, tan -for a hardwood, it has a very low density and is very soft - used in modelling as it's easy to cut and shape

Question 32

properties and uses of ash

Answer 32

- pale, cream - tough, absorbs shock well - used in tool handles, sports equipment - attractive, used for furniture

Question 33

properties and uses of larch

Answer 33

- Pale coloured with a contrasting darker grain, - knotty -Durable - easy to machine - high sap content gives it good water resistance - used for exterior building and flooring

Question 34

properties and uses of pine

Answer 34

- lightweight - easy to form - used for construction and decking

Question 35

properties and uses of spruce

Answer 35

- easy to form - takes stain colour well - used for construction and furniture

Question 36

what is manufactured board

Answer 36

a type of engineered wood that is made by binding timber waste together with adhesive

Question 37

properties and uses of Medium density fibreboard (MDF)

Answer 37

-Smooth - easy to finish, - absorbs moisture so not suitable for outdoor use, - used for kitchens and flat pack furniture

Question 38

properties and uses of plywood

Answer 38

- easy to cut and finish - can be stained or painted - used for shelving, construction and toys

Question 39

properties and uses of chipboard

Answer 39

- strong - absorbent to water - used for veneered worktops and flooring

Question 40

what are ferrous metals

Answer 40

metals which contain iron, meaning they can rust

Question 41

examples of ferrous metals

Answer 41

- low carbon steel - high carbon steel - cast iron

Question 42

properties and uses of low carbon steel

Answer 42

- ductile - tough - easy to form, braze, weld - used for construction - used for bolts, nuts, bike frames

Question 43

properties and uses of cast iron

Answer 43

- rusts easily - its brittle if its thin - can be cast into a mould - used for manhole covers, pans and gates

Question 44

properties of high carbon steel

Answer 44

- Hard-wearing, harder than low-carbon steel - less ductile but good for making tools - sharpens well - used in chisels

Question 45

what are non ferrous metals

Answer 45

metals that dont rust

Question 46

examples of non ferrous metals

Answer 46

- aluminium - copper - tin - zinc

Question 47

properies and uses of aluminium

Answer 47

- lightweight - strong - ductile - used in kitchen utensils and drink cans

Question 48

properties and uses of zinc

Answer 48

- brittle - average malleability and conductivity - used to galvanise steel

Question 49

properties and uses of tin

Answer 49

- soft and malleable - easy to form - used to make food cans

Question 50

properties and uses of copper

Answer 50

- good electrical conductor - can be polished - welds easily - used for plumbing parts and electrical cables

Question 51

what are alloys

Answer 51

mixtures of metal with an element to improve its properties or aesthetic

Question 52

examples of alloys

Answer 52

- brass - stainless steel - high speed steel

Question 53

properties and uses of brass

Answer 53

- An alloy of copper and zinc - can be cast and machined, used for musical instruments and ornamental hardware

Question 54

properties of stainless steel

Answer 54

- An alloy of chromium, nickel and manganese - hard and smooth - used for cutlery and sinks

Question 55

properties and uses of high speed steel

Answer 55

- Can be alloyed with a variety of materials for different properties - can withstand high temperatures - used for drill bits and saw blades

Question 56

why are metals alloyed

Answer 56

to improve working properties and aesthetics