Thyroif Flashcards
Thyroid gland
Weighs -??
Consists of ???
Produces ???
Parafollicular cells secrete??
9-30g
Two lateral lobes connected by an isthmus
T3 and T4
Calcitonin
Thyroid hormone synthesis
Which is more produced ?
Which is more metabolically active?
T4
T3
T4 is converted in the ______,_____, and ______ to T3
Liver
Kidney
Muscle
T3 and T4 are bound to _______, including ______,______, and ________
Plasma proteins
TBG ; TBPA; albumin
Drug dosage for simple goitre
0.15-0.30ug daily of L-thyroxine
Treatment for permanent paralysis
Arytenoidectomy
Post operative care of malignant goitre
Reactional hemorrhage
Respiratory distress
Thyrotoxicosis
Parathyroid insufficiency
Wound infection
Symptoms of hypothyroidism
Hint:physical and mental
Physical:weight loss,menorrhagia,muscle fatigue,cold intorlerance,hoarseness of voice
Mental:failing memory,slow thought,speech and action
Toxic symptoms
Hint:HYPER
SEEN(CEEN)
C-CVS;palpitation, respiratory distress,chest pain,ankle swelling
E-visual disturbance,double vision,difficulty closing eye lid,protuding eyeball
E-visual disturbance,double vision,protuding eyeball
N-neuromuscular :tremors,anxiety
Signs hyperthyroidism
Parts of body:Palmar erthyema,pretibial myxoedema, exophthalmos,ophthalmoplegia diplopia,lid retraction,lid lag
Bruit,tremor
Simple Vs toxic goitrehint:diffused and modular
Diffused-diffused hyperplastic,toxic diffused toxic
Nodular-simple multinodular,toxic modular
Treatment simple Vs toxic
Hint:one wants more
Simple -l-thryoxine,iodine therapy, thyroidectomy,lobectomy
Toxic-antithyroid,radioactive iodine,subtotal thyroidectomy
Indications for surgery
simple Vs toxic
Simple-sec thyrotoxicosis Vs primary
Pressure symptoms
The others ..check it
Two drugs that prevent iodine trapping
Propyl thiouracil and sodium perchlorate
Cabamazole
Hint:Coba
Prevent binding of iodine to tyrosine
Prevents coupling of mit and sit
Treatment for early stage simple goitre
Lugols iodine/potassium iodide for diffused hyperplastic
CVS symptoms
Palpitations-earliest
Increase thyroid receptors on myocyte
GIT
Hint:cd,e
Increase calorigenesis
HyperDefecation
Excessive eating
Post operative complications
Late occurrence of insufficient thyroid is -
Exacerbation of hyperthyroidism is -
Hypothyroidism
Thyrotoxicosis
Signs of hyperthyroidism
Eyes-exopthalmos,ophthalmoplegia,diplopia
Hands -tremor,palamr erythema
Heart -atrial fibrillation,cardiac failure
Thryoid-bruits
Feet-pretibial myxoedema
Signs of hypo
Eyes:periorbital puffiness(p-p like o-o)
Heart:bradycardia
Legs and hands:delayed relaxation of ankle jerks,bradykinesia,cold extremities
Thryoid:hoarse voice
Function of thyroid hormones
Hint:think hyperthyroidism
Energy-glycogenolysis and hepatic gluconeogenesis,cholesterol synthesis and degradation
Brain-developmebt
Skeletal framework-matiration ,bone and protein turnover
Heart-inotropic and chronotropic
Git-increased motility
