THE USE OF ANTIBIOTIC IN SURGERY

Question 1

Answer with bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic

Aminoglycosides
Chloramphenicol
Cephalosporin
Penicillin
erythromycin
Tetracycline

Answer 1

bacteriocidal

bacteriostatic

bacteriocidal

bacteriocidal

bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic

bacteriostatic

Question 2

Ideal antibiotics should be bacterio______

Answer 2

Cidal

Question 3

Clean wound:

________ inflammation is encountered

________ Cavity is breached

Wounds are primarily (opened or closed?) and drained by __________ if necessary

Answer 3

No; no

Closed; close drainage

Question 4

Clean contaminated

Operative wound in which ______ cavity is entered under ______ conditions and without _____________

Answer 4

A

Controlled

Unusual contamination

Question 5

Contaminated wound

(Open or Close?) , (fresh or stale?) , accidental wounds. In addition, there is _________ from the GI tract and incisions in which (acute or chronic?) (purulent or non-purulent?) inflammation is encountered

Answer 5

Open; fresh

gross spillage

Acute; non-purulent

Question 6

Dirty

(Old or New ?) traumatic wounds with ___________ tissue and those that involve ____________ infection or _________ viscera.

This definition suggests that the organisms causing postoperative infection were ____________________________

Answer 6

Old

retained devitalized

existing clinical; perforated
present in the
operative field before the operation.

Question 7

Criteria for defining a surgical site infection

1)Superficial incisional SSI

Involving the _______ and the _______. Occurs within _______ after the operation and shows atleast one of the following

A) ________________________
B) _______ drainage
C) _______ of Organism

Answer 7

skin ; subcutaneous tissue

30 days

dolor/rubor/calor/ tumor/tenderness

purulent drainage

Isolation of Organism

Question 8

Criteria for defining a surgical site infection

______________ SSI

_______________ SSI

Fever, localized pain/ tenderness

___________ formation

Answer 8

Superficial incisional SSI

Deep incision dehiscence

Fever, localized pain/ tenderness

An abscess formation

Question 9

When antibiotics are used for prophylaxis, ________ spectrum and ____ drugs are used

Answer 9

Narrow; specific

Question 10

Antibiotics prophylaxis is used for dirty wounds

T/F

Answer 10

F

Question 11

________ is the preferred route of administration for antibiotic prophylaxis

Answer 11

IV

Question 12

Pre-operative Dose timing for antibiotics prophylaxis

Optimal time for administration of first dose is within ______ before surgical incision( ________ for vancomycin or Flouroquinolones due to prolonged infusion rates)

Answer 12

60mins

120mins

Question 13

Re-dosing of antibiotics prophylaxis may be required if surgery duration is greater than __________ of chosen antimicrobial or if ________ is excessive

Answer 13

2 half lives

Blood loss