Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology > Thyroid (week 9) > Flashcards

Thyroid (week 9) Flashcards

1
Q

what does the thyroid secrete

A

thyroid hormone (T3, T4)
parathyroid hormone
calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what hormones secreted by the thyroid are involved in calcium balance

A

parathyroid hormone

calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is calcium involved in in the body

A

nerve and muscle activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

precursors for thyroid hormone

A

monoiodotyrosine (MIT)

diiodotyrosine (DIT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is T4 formed

A

two DIT combine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is T3 formed

A

one MIT and one DIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how will thyroid hormone affect ability to exercise

A

too low or high levels of T3 and T4 can affect nerve and muscle function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

effects of thyroid hormone

A
  • necessary for development
  • increases fat, protein, and glucose metabolism
  • increases body temp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

permissive hormone

A

a hormone that does not have a direct effect on tissue, but must be present for normal cell fxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

examples of permissive hormones

A

T3

T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does the body respond to sympathetic stimulation (norepinephrine) when T3&4 are in excess

A

excessive response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

thyrotoxicosis

A

condition in which thyroid hormones are elevated inapproptiately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

possible causes of thyrotoxicosis

A
  1. intrinsic influences, such as elevated TSH

2. extrinsic influences, such as ingesting thyroid hormone inappropriately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

causes of goiter

A
  • overstimulation of thyroid gland*
    1. low iodine intake (overworks thyroid)
    2. increased TSH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of thyrotoxicosis

A
  • increased metabolism
  • heat intolerance
  • sensitivity to sympathetic stim
  • goiter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Grave’s Disease

A

autoimmune disorder where antibodies overstimulate thyroid tissue, rather than destroy tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

most common cause of hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis

A

Grave’s Disease

18
Q

LATS

A

Long Acting Thyroid Stimulator

  • appear in the blood with Grave’s Disease
  • thyroid stimulating antibodies
19
Q

symptoms of Grave’s Disease

A 
ongoing thyrotoxicosis
unexplained weight loss
night sweats
fluctuating BP
mood changes
exopthalamos
20
Q

exopthalamos

A

“bug eyes”

occurs due to excessive weight loss around eyes

21
Q

thyrotoxic crisis AKA

A

thyroid storm

22
Q

thyrotoxic crisis symptoms

A

hyperthermia
tachycardia
delirium
high output cardiac failure (heart can’t keep up with demands)

23
Q

cause of thyrotoxic crisis

A

Graves Disease left untreated

24
Q

treatment for thyrotoxic crisis

A

remove thyroid
radioactive iodine
propylthiouacil

25
Q

what is radioactive iodine used for in stopping thyroid storm

A

destroy some thyroid tissue to decrease output of T3 T4

26
Q

what does propylthiouracil do

A

blocks synthesis of thyroid hormone

27
Q

how is propylthiouracil ideally administered

A

if thyroid storm caught in time, drug is titrated (T3 T4 monitored and dosage adjusted based on levels of T3 T4 in blood)

28
Q

primary hypothyroidism

A

inflammation of the thyroid

29
Q

causes of primary hypothyroidism

A 
acute thyroiditis
subacute thyroiditis
autoimmune thyroiditis
irradiation of thyroid
iodine deficiency
surgical removal of thyroid
Lithium
30
Q

acute thyroiditis cause

A

rare; usually due to bacterial infection of thyroid

31
Q

subacute thyroiditis cause

A

nonbacterial infection of thyroid, often preceded by viral infection

32
Q

autoimmune thyroiditis cause

A

autoimmune attack of thyroid tissue

acute thyroiditis can lead to autoimmune thyroiditis

33
Q

subacute thyroiditis duration

A

2-4 months

34
Q

treatment of subacute thyroiditis

A

corticosteroids

35
Q

secondary hypothyroidism caused by

A

pituitary dysfunction/hypofunction

36
Q

symptoms of hypothyroidism

A
  • decreased energy, metabolism, heat production
  • cold intolerance
  • lethargy
  • fatigue
  • myxedemia
  • hair texture change (more course)
37
Q

myxedemia

A

AKA boggy edema; swelling where you can push your finger into it and leave an imprint that stays for a few minutes; usually occurs around eyes

38
Q

Congenital Hypothyroidism (Cretinism)

A

absence of thyroid tissue at birth

39
Q

incidence of cretinism

A

1 in 4000 live births

40
Q

effects of cretinism if left untreated

A

mental retardation/developmental delay

stunted skeletal growth

41
Q

treatment for Cretinism

A

hormone replacement therapy (synthroid)

highly effective if treatment initiated by 3-4 months of age; child can function completely normally with treatment

Pathophysiology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions