HIV Part 2 (week 4)

Question 1

window period

Answer 1

time between infection and appearance of antibodies

Question 2

can patients be infectious even when they are serologically negative?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

how long can the early stage of HIV last?

Answer 3

10 years

Question 4

what symptoms do patients have during early stages of HIV

Answer 4

mild symptoms similar to influenza
night sweats
swollen lymph glands
diarrhea
fatigue

Question 5

how AIDS is diagnosed

Answer 5

CD4+T-cell count below 200 cells/cubic mm (normal: 800-1000)
presence of antibody against HIV
atypical or opportunistic infections and cancers
viral count (#virions/cubic mm)

Question 6

average time from infection with HIV to developmet of AIDS

Answer 6

10 years

Question 7

kaposi sarcoma

Answer 7

rare form of cancer, high incidence in AIDS population

Question 8

HAART stands for

Answer 8

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Question 9

what is HAART

Answer 9

pharmacological agents that will inhibit reverse transcriptionase and viral protease
has significantly decreased death from AIDS related disease

Question 10

problems with HAART

Answer 10

HIV can mutate
negative side effects
may not be able to remove all HIV because it incorporates into cell DNA
If HIV exists in CNS, HAART cant get to it due to blood brain barrier

Question 11

entrance inhibitors

Answer 11

attach to surface receptors targeted by HIV and prevent HIV attachment to host cell

Question 12

other HIV treatments

Answer 12

entrance inhibitors

integrase inhibitors

Question 13

problems with HIV vaccine

Answer 13

HIV mutates
antibodies produced by infected individuals seem to be ineffective in combating HIV
HIV spreads cell to cell so is often not accessible to antibody attack
no reliable animal model for research