Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery Flashcards
Attaches thyroid gland to cricoid and trachea.
ligament of Berry
Blood supply to the thyroid
superior thyroid artery, originating from the external carotid artery, and from the inferior thyroid artery, originating from the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
Branch of the vagus nerve, innervates intrinsic muscles of larynx. loops under subclavian artery and ascends in an oblique direction lateral to the tracheoesophageal groove
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Thyroid gland produces what hormones
Thyroxine T4, triiodothyronine t3 = thyroid gland regulates growth/development, and also produces calcitonin = inhibits calcium resorption in bones, increases calcium storage in the bone
Small ovoid masses, usually 4, located behind the thyroid lobes.
Parathyroid glands
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
A suture indention commonly marks the incision line in surgery of the?
Thyroid.
What is the venous drainage of the thyroid?
Superior thyroid vein
Middle thyroid vein
Inferior thyroid vein
Divides the thyroid into left and right
Isthmus
During a thyroidectomy, the Green retractor is used to retract what muscle?
Sternocleidomastoid muscle.
What condition will occur if all parathyroid tissue is removed?
Tetany.
The parathyroid glands regulate what?
Blood calcium concentration.
The parathyroid glands are located _____ to the thyroid gland.
Posterior.
The inferior and superior ____ arteries are ligated during a thyroidectomy.
Thyroid.
“Thyroid storm” condition caused by excessive thyroid hormones
Thyrotoxicosis
Site used for autotransplanting one or more parathyroid glands
Forearm
Position for thyroid
Reverse Trendelenburg
For a thyroidectomy how is the skin prepped?
Point of chin to mid chest and bilaterally as far as possible following the jaw line to include the entire neck and shoulders
What dressings are/can be placed for a thyroidectomy?
-queen anne collar/ thyroid collar
- benzoin, 1/2” steri strips. telfa 4x4, drain sponge, tape or tegaderm
The pyramid lobe of the thyroid gland extends from the __________________.
superior isthmus
The most common cause of thyroid disorders worldwide is?
Iodine deficiency
Is the thyroid an endocrine or exocrine gland?
Endocrine
overactive thyroid gland: Skinny, anxious, high b/p
Hyperthyroidism
underactive thyroid: Weight gain, fatigue, hair loss
Hypothyroidism
Graves
hyperthyroidism: Autoimmune, bulging eyes, common in smokers
Myxedema
Hypothyroidism: thick skin on face and feet
Cretinism
a congenital form of hypothyroidism
Besides the Allis what can be used (Dr. Pref.) to grasp the lobes ?
Lahey Thyroid clamps
What type of incision for the thyroid
-Kochers Transverse along the Langer Lines or natural crease of the neck.
-3-4cm (2 finger) above suprasternal notch
-Dr. may use silk tie to mark the site to incise
Where does the superior thyroid artery come from
external carotid artery
Where does the inferior thyroid artery come from
thyrocervical trunk that comes from the subclavian
Where does blood go out from the thyroid?
Sup., Mid., and Inf. veins
Which tracheal ring is the isthmus connected t?
2nd
What does the superior lateral portions of the thyroid connect to?
Thyroid and cricoid cartilages
