Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery

Question 1

Attaches thyroid gland to cricoid and trachea.

Answer 1

ligament of Berry

Question 2

Blood supply to the thyroid

Answer 2

superior thyroid artery, originating from the external carotid artery, and from the inferior thyroid artery, originating from the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

Question 3

Branch of the vagus nerve, innervates intrinsic muscles of larynx. loops under subclavian artery and ascends in an oblique direction lateral to the tracheoesophageal groove

Answer 3

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 4

Thyroid gland produces what hormones

Answer 4

Thyroxine T4, triiodothyronine t3 = thyroid gland regulates growth/development, and also produces calcitonin = inhibits calcium resorption in bones, increases calcium storage in the bone

Question 5

Small ovoid masses, usually 4, located behind the thyroid lobes.

Answer 5

Parathyroid glands

Question 6

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

Answer 6

Graves disease

Question 7

A suture indention commonly marks the incision line in surgery of the?

Answer 7

Thyroid.

Question 8

What is the venous drainage of the thyroid?

Answer 8

Superior thyroid vein
Middle thyroid vein
Inferior thyroid vein

Question 9

Divides the thyroid into left and right

Answer 9

Isthmus

Question 10

During a thyroidectomy, the Green retractor is used to retract what muscle?

Answer 10

Sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Question 11

What condition will occur if all parathyroid tissue is removed?

Answer 11

Tetany.

Question 12

The parathyroid glands regulate what?

Answer 12

Blood calcium concentration.

Question 13

The parathyroid glands are located _____ to the thyroid gland.

Answer 13

Posterior.

Question 14

The inferior and superior ____ arteries are ligated during a thyroidectomy.

Answer 14

Thyroid.

Question 15

“Thyroid storm” condition caused by excessive thyroid hormones

Answer 15

Thyrotoxicosis

Question 16

Site used for autotransplanting one or more parathyroid glands

Answer 16

Forearm

Question 17

Position for thyroid

Answer 17

Reverse Trendelenburg

Question 18

For a thyroidectomy how is the skin prepped?

Answer 18

Point of chin to mid chest and bilaterally as far as possible following the jaw line to include the entire neck and shoulders

Question 19

What dressings are/can be placed for a thyroidectomy?

Answer 19

-queen anne collar/ thyroid collar
- benzoin, 1/2” steri strips. telfa 4x4, drain sponge, tape or tegaderm

Question 20

The pyramid lobe of the thyroid gland extends from the __________________.

Answer 20

superior isthmus

Question 21

The most common cause of thyroid disorders worldwide is?

Answer 21

Iodine deficiency

Question 22

Is the thyroid an endocrine or exocrine gland?

Answer 22

Endocrine

Question 23

overactive thyroid gland: Skinny, anxious, high b/p

Answer 23

Hyperthyroidism

Question 24

underactive thyroid: Weight gain, fatigue, hair loss

Answer 24

Hypothyroidism

Question 25

Graves

Answer 25

hyperthyroidism: Autoimmune, bulging eyes, common in smokers

Question 26

Myxedema

Answer 26

Hypothyroidism: thick skin on face and feet

Question 27

Cretinism

Answer 27

a congenital form of hypothyroidism

Question 28

Besides the Allis what can be used (Dr. Pref.) to grasp the lobes ?

Answer 28

Lahey Thyroid clamps

Question 29

What type of incision for the thyroid

Answer 29

-Kochers Transverse along the Langer Lines or natural crease of the neck.

-3-4cm (2 finger) above suprasternal notch

-Dr. may use silk tie to mark the site to incise

Question 30

Where does the superior thyroid artery come from

Answer 30

external carotid artery

Question 31

Where does the inferior thyroid artery come from

Answer 31

thyrocervical trunk that comes from the subclavian

Question 32

Where does blood go out from the thyroid?

Answer 32

Sup., Mid., and Inf. veins

Question 33

Which tracheal ring is the isthmus connected t?

Answer 33

2nd

Question 34

What does the superior lateral portions of the thyroid connect to?

Answer 34

Thyroid and cricoid cartilages