Cardiovascular Surgery

Question 1

What are the three structures located inside the carotid sheath?

Answer 1

The internal jugular Vein, the common carotid Artery, and the vagus Nerve (remember the Mnemonic VAN)

Question 2

Which coronary artery is most commonly occluded?

Answer 2

The left anterior descending artery, which supplies the interventricular septum

Question 3

In what part of the cardiac cycle do the coronary arteries fill?

Answer 3

Diastole

Question 4

Name the four clinical features of tetralogy of Fallot.

Answer 4

Pulmonary stenosis, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Overriding aorta, and Ventricular septal defect (remember: PROVe)

Question 5

Which drug can be used to close a patent ductus arteriosus?

Answer 5

Indomethacin (remember: ENDomethacin (indomethacin) ENDs patency of PDA)