Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 251 (Pharmacology 1) > Thyroid and Antithyroid drugs > Flashcards

Thyroid and Antithyroid drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 hormones does the thyroid secrete that are essential for regulating metabolism

A

Thyroxine (T4)
Tri-iodothyronine (T3)
Calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the parathyroid gland do?

A

Maintains adequate levels of calcium in ECF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the functions of the thyroid gland

A

Regulate protein, lipid, and carb metabolism
Assist with growth and development
Controlhypothalamus (temp)
Effect Cardiovascular, neuromuscular and endocrine systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is primary deficiency in thyroid hormones

A

Abnormality in the thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is secondary deficiency in thyroid hormones

A

Pituitary doesn’t secrete Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is tertiary deficiency in thyroid hormones

A

Hypothalamus doesn’t secrete thyrotropin-releasing hormone which reduces TSH and thyroid hormone levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is congenital hypothyroidism and what is another name for it

A

Hyposecretion of thyroid hormones during youth
Low metabolic rate, short stature, severely delayed sexual development, possible intellectual disabilities
Cretinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is myxedema hypothyroidism

A

Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone during adulthood
Decreased metabolic rate, loss of mental and physical stamina, weight gain, loss of hair, firm edema, yellow dullness of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a goiter

A

Enlargement of the thyroid gland from overstimulation by elevating levels of TSH
TSH is elevated because of lower amounts of thyroid hormone in circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are common symptoms of hypothyroidism

A

Cold intolerance
Unintentional weight gain
Depression
Dry, brittle hair and nails
Fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name a thyroid replacement drug and which hormone does it replace?

A

Levothyroxine
Synthetic T4 hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the MOA of levothyroxine

A

Replaces what the thyroid gland cannot produce (T4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the indications for levothyroxine

A

Suspected hypothyroidism
Prevention or treatment of goiters
Patients who have had their thyroid removed/destroyed (cancer)
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the contraindications of levothyroxine

A

MI
Adrenal insufficiency
Hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the adverse effects of levothyroxine

A

Cardiac dysrhythmia
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Angina
HTN
Insomnia
Tremors
Anxiety
Headache
Diarrhea
Cramps
Menstrual irregularities
Weight loss
Sweating
Heat intolerance
Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are possible interactions with levothyroxine

A

Enhance warfarin effects
Reduce insulin effects
Increase sensitivity to epinephrine
Cholestyramine, calcium and aluminum bind in GI tract and reduces absorption of drug

16
Q

Levothyroxine should ________ be discontinued abruptly

A

Never

17
Q

Why should levothyroxine be taken in the morning at the same time everyday?

A

To maintain consistent blood levels and decrease insomnia

18
Q

What are some causes of hyperthyroidism

A

Graves disease
Multinodular disease
Plummers diseases
Thyroid storm (from stress or infection, life threatening)

19
Q

What are symptoms of hyperthyroidism

A

Increased metabolism
Diarrhea
Flushing
Increased appetite
Muscle weakness
Sleep disorders
Altered menstruation
Fatigue
Palpitations
Nervousness
Heat intolerance
Irritability

20
Q

What is the purpose of antithyroid drugs and what can they cause

A

Treat hyperthyroidism
Prevent surge in thyroid hormones
May cause liver and bone marrow toxicity

21
Q

What are 2 other ways to treat hyperthyroidism

A

Radioactive iodine works to destroy the thyroid gland (ablation)
Surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid (lifelong thyroid replacement therapy needed)

22
Q

Name 1 antithyroid drug and how does it work

A

Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Inhibits conversion of T4 to T3

23
Q

What are the adverse effects of Propylthiouracil

A

Leukopenia (manifested as fever, sore throat and lesions)

24
Q

What should patients on antithyroid meds avoid in their diet?

A

Foods high in iodine (seafood, soy sauce, tofu, iodized salt)

25
Q

How long does it take thyroid drugs to take effect

A

3-4 weeks

NURS 251 (Pharmacology 1) (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions