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Reproduction, Development and Ageing > Thyroid > Flashcards

Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cause of cremetism?

A

When the mother has severe hypothyroid while pregnant

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2
Q

In the first ___ weeks of life maternal thyroid is crucial to foetal development

A

20

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3
Q

At what point in development does the thyroglossal duct break down?

A

Week 5

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4
Q

How are babies screened for thyroid abnormalities?

A

Heel prick

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5
Q

Which structures lie posterior to the thyroid?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve and tracheal cartilage rings 2 and 3

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6
Q

Which structure lies to the left of the thyroid?

A

Oesophagus

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7
Q

What is the innervation to the thyroid?

A

ANS

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8
Q

What are two dietary sources of iodine?

A

Salt and fish

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9
Q

____ is a drug that specifically inhibits thyroid peroxidase

A

Carbimazole

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10
Q

In presence of _____ Iodide in colloid attaches to tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin precursor

A

Hydrogen Peroxide

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11
Q

Iodine brought into the cell via the _______

A

NIS (Sodium Iodide symporter)

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12
Q

What are the major sites of metabolism of T3 and T4?

A

Liver and Kidneys

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13
Q

In a patient with thyrotoxicosis:

T3 is elevated/depressed
T4 is elevated/depressed
TSH is elevated/depressed

A

T3 is elevated
T4 is elevated
TSH is depressed

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14
Q

What will be elevated in the blood test of a patient with thyroiditis?

A

Thyroglobulin

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15
Q

What is the biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer?

A

Calcitonin

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16
Q

Why might T3 be elevated and TSH lowered in pregnant patients?

A

HCG structurally similar to TSH, causes stimulation of TSH receptors

17
Q

What are the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis?

A
  • Nervousness, increased sweating
  • Weight loss
  • Heat sensitivity
  • Tachycardia
  • Weakness
18
Q

What are the signs of thyrotoxicosis?

A
  • Bruit over thyroid
  • Goitre
  • Tremor
  • Eye signs
19
Q

Which clinical finding is classic for Grave’s disease?

A

Big goitre + bruit

20
Q

What are the eye signs for Grave’s disease?

A
  • Lids retracted
  • Hyperextension of eyebrows
  • Periorbital oedema
  • Redness of eyes
21
Q

A patients blood test shows:

  • Elevated TSH
  • Low T4
  • +ve TPO antibodies

Which pathology could be indicated?

A

Hashimoto’s disease

22
Q

What are symptoms of Hashimoto’s disease?

A
  • Weight gain
  • Cold
  • Hair loss and dry skin
  • Constipation
  • Tired
  • Oedema
23
Q

What is a consequence of taking amiodarone?

A

Amiodarone induced hyperthryoid

One tablet is approx. 3 months worth of iodine

Reproduction, Development and Ageing (26 decks)

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