Contraception Flashcards
The day of ovulation is ___ days before the next period starts
14
How long can sperm survive for?
Usually 5 days (up to 7)
How long can an egg survive for post ovulation?
12-24 hours
Using the calendar method, when is the fertile phase?
Day 7-16
Using the calendar method, when is peak fertility?
Week before ovulation
What causes the small rise in temperature post ovulation?
Progesterone - the day AFTER ovulation
Using the temperature method, infertility is on the ___ evening of the temperature rise
3rd
What is the 3/6 rule?
Temperature is up 3 days above the level of the previous 6 days
What are three methods of fertility awareness?
- Calendar method
- Temperature method
- Mucus method
Using the mucus method, on which day of her cycle is a woman infertile?
Fourth evening after peak mucus day
Fertile mucus present __ -__ days before ovulation
0.5-4 days
What is lactational amenorrhoea?
Temporary postnatal infertility that occurs when a woman is amenorrheic (not menstruating) and just fully breastfeeding
Which methods of contraception have the best use continuation?
Long acting - IUD / implants
What are first tier methods of contraception?
Sterilisation, implant, IUD
What is the most common side effect of an IUD?
Bleeding in between periods
What are the contents of the combined oral contraceptive?
- Low dose pill (oestradiol 35mcg or less)
- Second gen progestagin (norethisterone, levonorgestrel)
What are the best contraceptive options for women taking medications that are enzyme inducers?
Depot or IUD
What is the 7 day rule?
- Not safe from pregnancy until you have taken 7 active hormone pills in a row
When should the 7 day rule be followed?
- Miss 2 hormone pills or take them more than 12 hours after the normal time
- Vomit within 3 hours of taking 2 hormone pills or have continued vomiting
- Have loose bowels several times
What hormone is contained in the emergency contraceptive pill?
1.5mg levonorgestrel
What is the mechanism of the ECP?
If given prior to ovulation, delays ovulation
When should the post-coital IUD be inserted?
Within 5 days of ovulation
What is the mechanism of low dose progestins as a contraceptive?
- Thickens cervical mucus
- Stops sperm from entering uterus
What is depo provera?
- Intramuscular injection of high dose progestin
- Stops ovulation
- Need injection every 12 months
