Hypothalamus

Question 1

What are the different levels of the gonadal axis?

Answer 1

GnRH -> FSH/LH -> ovary/testis -> estradiol/testosterone

Question 2

The connection between the hypothalamus and ____ pituitary is humoral whereas the connection between the ____ pituitary and hypothalamus is neural

Answer 2

Anterior

Posterior

Question 3

Give an example of how touch influences hormone release

Answer 3

Touch -> oxytocin -> contraction of myoepithelial cells

Question 4

What are the 6 inputs into the hypothalamus from other brain centres?

Answer 4

1. Light
2. Smell
3. Touch
4. Sound
5. Psycho-social
6. Nutritional status

Question 5

What is the origin of the hypothalamus?

Answer 5

Hindmost part of the forebrain

Question 6

Which part of the hypothalamus contains a lot of blood vessels?

Answer 6

Median eminence

Question 7

Where in the hypothalamus are hormones produced?

Answer 7

Nuclei (clusters of neurons)

Question 8

The two major divisions of hypothalamic nuclei are ____ and ____

Answer 8

Magnocellular and Parvicellular

Question 9

____ and ____ nuclei are the two main magnocellular nuclei

Answer 9

Supraoptic

Paraventricular

Question 10

Magnocellular nuclei axons travel to the _____ of the ____ pituitary

Answer 10

Pars nervosa

Posterior pituitary

Question 11

Which parvicellular nuclei produce GnRH?

Answer 11

Arcuate nuclei

Question 12

Parvicellular nuclei axons terminate on ____ that run down to the _____ or the _____pituitary

Answer 12

Capillary beds
Pars Distalis
Anterior pituitary

Question 13

____ hormones influence body function directly whereas ____ act indirectly via the pituitary

Answer 13

Magnocellular

Parvicellular