Thyroid Flashcards
1
Q
Symptoms of Goitre
A
Swelling at the base of your neck Tight feeling in your throat Coughing Hoarse voice Difficulty swallowing or breathing
2
Q
Hyperthyroidism Symptoms
A
Excess thyroid hormones Increased metabolism Goitre Opthalmopathy Exophthalmos – bulging eyes
More Symptoms: Hyperreflexia, fine tremors, muscle wasting, menstrual irregularities, infertility Agitation Hyperthermia Diaphoretic skin Brittle nails Tachycardia, tachypnea Anxiety
3
Q
Diagnosis of Hyperthyroidism
A
TSH
T4 levels
Radioactive iodine uptake
4
Q
Treatment and Goals with Hyperthyroidism
A
• Goal is to block the adverse effects of thyroid hormones and stop their over secretion
• Three primary treatment options:
>Antithyroid medications
>Radioactive iodine
>Subtotal thyroidectomy
5
Q
Hypothyroidism symptoms
A
Feel run down and slowed down, sometimes depressed
Can be asymptomatic or have the classic hypothyroid symptoms.
Fatigue
Personality or mental changes
Decreased cardiac output/ contractility
Fatigue Lethargy Personality changes Impaired memory Slow speech Cold intolerance Bradycardia Dyspnea
6
Q
Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism
A
History and physical examination Laboratory tests Serum TSH Determines cause of hypothyroidism Free T4 Serum T3 Serum T4
7
Q
Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism
A
Loss of appetite Constipation Fatigue Emotional disorders Shortened attention span Muscle weakness
8
Q
Symptoms of Hypoparathyroidism
A
Positive Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs Dysrhythmias Hypotension Weakness Fatigue Tetany Seizures Paresthesias Abdominal cramps Dry, scaly skin
9
Q
Treatment for Hypothyroidism
A
- Restoration of euthyroid state as safely and rapidly as possible
- Low-calorie diet
- strategies for impaired memory, activity intolerance and constipation
- Primary management objectives are to treat acute complications such as tetany, maintain normal serum calcium levels, and prevent long-term complications.
- Emergency treatment of tetany requires the administration of IV calcium.
