Cirrhosis

Question 1

What happens if the liver tried to regenerate with Cirrhosis

Answer 1

• Abnormal blood vessel and bile duct formation
• New fibrous connective tissue distorts liver’s normal structure, impedes blood flow.
• Poor cellular nutrition and hypoxia result.

Question 2

Factors that can lead to cirrhosis

Answer 2

• Chronic alcohol use disorder
• Nonalcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
• Cases of nutrition-related cirrhosis have resulted from extreme dieting, malabsorption, and obesity.
• Environmental factors, as well as a genetic predisposition

Question 3

Symptoms Hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 3

• Changes in neurological and mental responsiveness
• Ranging from sleep disturbance to lethargy to deep coma
• Asterixis
• Fetor hepaticus

Question 4

Cirrhosis Treatment

Answer 4

• Rest
• Avoidance of alcohol, Aspirin, acetaminophen, and NSAIDs
• Management of ascites
• Prevention and management of esophageal variceal bleeding
• Management of encephalopathy
• Portacaval shunt (decrease bleeding episodes)
• Diet: high calories and carbs
• Drugs treat symptoms

Question 5

Ascites Treatment

Answer 5

• Focused on sodium restriction, diuretics, and fluid removal
• Diuretics
• Paracentesis

Question 6

Esophageal and gastric varices Treatment

Answer 6

• Goal: Avoid bleeding/hemorrhage
• Avoid alcohol, Aspirin, and NSAIDs
• Respiratory infection promptly treated
• If bleeding occurs, stabilize client, manage airway, provide IV therapy
• Drug therapy
• Endoscopic sclerotherapy
• Endoscopic ligation
• Balloon tamponade

Question 7

Hepatic encephalopathy

Treatment

Answer 7

• Decrease ammonia formation

* Lactulose traps NH3 in gut