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Head and Neck System > Throat > Flashcards

Throat Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the oral cavity?

A

Digestion
Communication
Breathing

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2
Q

What are the 2 parts of the oral cavity?

A

Oral vestibule

Oral cavity proper

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3
Q

What is the oral vestibule?

A

Bit between the lips and the teeth

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4
Q

What controls the diameter of the oral vestibule?

A

Muscles of facial expression

Principally the orbiculairs oris

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5
Q

Where does the oral vestibule communicate with the oral cavity proper?

A

Space behind the 3rd molar

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6
Q

What are the 2 parts of the oral roof?

A

Hard palate

Soft palate

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7
Q

Where is the hard palate found?

A

Found anteriorly

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8
Q

What is the hard palate?

A

Composed of the palatine bone

Separates the oral cavity from nasal cavity

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9
Q

Where is the soft palate found?

A

Posteriorly of the oral roof

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10
Q

What type of structure does the soft palate have?

A

Muscular

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the soft palate during swallowing?

A

Can elevate to separate the nasopharynx from the oropharynx during swallowing

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12
Q

Where does the parotid duct open into?

A

Opposite the upper 2nd molar

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13
Q

Which muscle does the parotid duct pierce?

A

Pierces the buccinator muscle

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14
Q

What are the 2 lobes of the submandibular gland?

A

Superficial and deep lobes

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15
Q

Which muscle separates the superficial and deep love of the submandibular gland

A

Mylohyoid muscle

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16
Q

Which muscle does the submandibular gland lie superiorly to?

A

Digastric muscle

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17
Q

What are the functions of the oral cavity?

A 
Taste
Mastication 
Speech 
Digestion 
Swallowing
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18
Q

What tissue is the tongue composed of?

A

Skeletal muscle

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19
Q

What is the tongue covered by?

A

Mucous membrane

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20
Q

Which structure splits the tongue into 2 parts?

A

Sulcus Terminalis

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21
Q

Which nerve supplies sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Lingual branch of V3

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22
Q

Which nerve supplies taste sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani

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23
Q

From which branchial arch does the anterior 2/3 of the tongue develop from?

A

1st branch

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24
Q

From which branchial arch does the posterior 1.4 of the tongue develop from?

A

3rd branchial arch

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25
Q

Which nerve supplies bot sensory and taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

CN IX

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26
Q

Which are the most numerous papillae?

A

Filiform papillae

27
Q

Which papillae does not contain taste buds?

A

Filiform papillae

28
Q

What are filiform papillae used for?

A

Sensation of the tongue

29
Q

Which papillae are scattered through the dorsum of the tongue?

A

Fungiform papillae

30
Q

Which papillae are mostly concentrated at the tip of the tongue?

31
Q

Which papillae distinguish the 5 tastes?

32
Q

Where are the Circumvallate Papillae placed?

A

In a row just anterior to the sulcus terminalis

33
Q

What are the 2 groups of muscles in the tongue?

A

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

34
Q

Are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue attached to bone?

35
Q

What do intrinsic muscle of the tongue alter?

A

Alter shape

36
Q

What do extrinsic muscles of the tongue alter?

A

Tongue position

37
Q

Where do extrinsic muscle originate from and extend to?

A

Originate from bone and extend to the bone

38
Q

What is the nerve supply to the muscles of the tongue?

A

CN XII Hypoglossal

Except palatoglossus

39
Q

Which nerve supplies the palatoglossus?

A

CN X (vagus)

40
Q

What are the main muscles of mastication?

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Lateral and medial pterygoid

41
Q

What is the innervation of muscles of mastication?

42
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

Muscular tube that connects the nssal cavities to the larynx and oesophagus

43
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

A

Naso
Oro
Laryngo pharynx

44
Q

Where is the oropharynx located?

A

Between soft palate and the superior border of the epiglottis

45
Q

What is the oropharynx involved in?

A

The voluntary and involuntary phases of swallowing

46
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

Lower border of the soft palate
Superior border of epiglottis
Palatoglossal arch to posterior pharyngeal wall
Lateral - faucial pillar and palatine tonsils

47
Q

Describe the oral phase of swallowing

A

Tongue propels the bolus into the pharynx

Triggers swallowing reflex

48
Q

Describe the Pharyngeal phase of swallowing

A

Soft palate at back of tongue pulled upwards- covers the nasopharynx
Epiglottis covers the larynx, vocal cord approximate, larynx moves upward
Upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) relaxes
Respiration is reflex inhibited

49
Q

Describe the oesophageal phase of swallowing

A

Once bolus passed UOS, the sphinter constricts

Bolus propelled downwards by peristaltic motion, reflex via myenteric plexus

50
Q

In which compartment of the neck is the larynx found?

A

Anteriorly

In the visceral compartment

51
Q

Between which levels does the larynx spand?

52
Q

With which structure does the larynx continue with inferiorly?

53
Q

With which structure does the larynx open superiorly with?

A

Laryngeal part of the pharynx

54
Q

What is the function of the larnyx?

A

Voice

Swallowing

55
Q

What are the three part of the larynx?

A

Supraglottis
Glottis
Subglottic

56
Q

What are cartilages of the larynx?

A

Thyroid
Arytenoid
Cricoic
Corniculate

57
Q

Which cartilage of the larynx is paired?

58
Q

Which cartilage of the larynx creates a C shape?

59
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the larynx?

A

Move entire laryngeal complex

60
Q

What is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

A

Regulate movements of the vocal cords

61
Q

What is the N. supply of the motor innervation of the larynx?

A

Recurrent laryngeal n.

62
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the supraglottis?

A

Internal laryngeal n.

63
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the glottis and subglottis?

A

Recurrent laryngeal n.

Head and Neck System (9 decks)

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