Nasal Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
What are the functions of the nasal cavity?
Airway in respiration Warming of inspired air Humidification Filtration of large particles Olfaction Drainage of the eustachain tube Drainage of paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal duct Voice modification
Which bone lies anteriorly of the nose?
Nasal bone
What is deformity of the nose majority of the time down to?
Trauma
What is the roof of the nasal cavity composed of?
Cribiform plate
What is the floor of the nasal cavity composed of?
Hard palate
What is most of the nasal septum composed of?
Cartilage
What are the nasal concha?
Bony like projections from the lateral walls of the nose
What are the 3 concha?
Superior
Middle
Inferior
What is the project into the nasal cavity between the concha called?
Meatuses
Where does the inferior meatus lie?
Between the inferior concha and the floor of the nasal cavity
Where does the middle meatus lie?
Lies between the inferior and middle concha
Where does the superior meatus lie?
Lies between the middle and superior concha
Where does the spheno- ethmoidal recess?
Lies superiorly and posteriorly to the superior concha
What are the facial sinuses?
Frontal x2 Maxillary x2 Ethmoidal Anterior and posterior Sphenoid
What are sinuses?
Air cavities in the facial bones
What are the functions of the facial sinuses
Help with vocal resonance
Decrease weight of the skull and facial bones
Act as buffer for trauma
Where does the frontal sinus drain into?
Middle meatus
Where does the ethmoid sinus drain into?
Anterior - middle meatus
Posterior - superior meatus
Where does the sphenoid sinus drain into?
Spheno-ethmoid recess
Where does the maxillary sinus drain into?
Middle meatus
Where is the nasopharynx found?
Found between the base of the skull and the soft palate of the roof of the mouth.
Where does the nose recieve blood from?
ICA and ECA
What is littles area?
Where the anterior and posterior blood supply to the nose meet
What is the clinical relevance of littles area?
Epistaxis - common for nose bleeds
what are the common causes of epistaxis?
Trauma aka nose picking Anticoagulants Iatrogenic – surgery Idiopathic Hypertension (this would be a systemic cause)
What is a systemic cause of epistaxis?
Hypertension
