Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Performance > Threats To Aviation > Flashcards

Threats To Aviation Flashcards

1
Q

Hypoxia

A

Insidious Hypoxia = major threat to flight crew

Ensure supply of oxygen above 10,000ft
Passengers bring
Stop smoking
Only fly when fit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Decompression Sickness Cause

A

Ambient temp reduces at altitude
Bubbles merge to become larger bubble (Air embolism)
Become trapped in joints and block normal passage of blood
Tissue downstream of blockage deprive of o2 and dies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When is decompression sickness likely

A

18,000-25,000ft unlikely below 14,000ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Factors of DCS

A

High alt
Duration of exposure
Age
Excess body weight
Scuba diving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Symptoms of DCS

A

Bends - Bubbles in joints NO1 symptom

Creeps - bubbles under skin

Chokes - Bubbles in capillaries and lungs

Staggers - bubbles in brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

DCS Treatment

A

Descend (Nitrogen to dissolve back into solution)
100% oxygen
Urgent medical assistance on landing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scuba Diving on DCS

A

Compressed air - descent increases partial pressure of nitrogen so saturation of nitrogen increases in tissue

Takes time to excrete excess nitrogen
Risk of flying even at cabin alt of 6000ft

(PREVENTED BY BREATHING 100% OXYGEN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Scuba Diving rules and flying

A

Do not fly 12 hours after diving or use of compressed air

Avoid flying 24 hours if depth of 30ft exceeded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acceleration durations

A

Long = 1+ sec (+3.5G relaxed/7 to 8g using anti straining techniques)
(-3G but only short periods)

Short = less than 1 sec
(+25G in vertical axis)
(+45G in fore/aft axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gx

A

Linear (fore and aft)
Forward acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Gz

A

Vertical acceleration
Heavier
More blood to feet than brain
Hydrostatic variation increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gx

A

Linear - sensory illusion in pitch axis
Somaticgravic illusion

Large forward acceleration makes you feel as though pitching up
Large rearward acceleration makes you feel as though pitching down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Vertical Gz effect on body

A

Increase in body weight so harder to move (2g above mobility impaired)

Increase in hydrostatic variation of the blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

+G force stages

A

Grey OUT (3/4G) - Rod and cones need disproportionate amount of oxygen causing tunnel vision

Black out - (5G above) lose consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Negative -G effects

A

Organs force upwards/blood forced to head (decreased hydrostatic variation)

Respiration difficulties/facial pain/red out/lower eyelid pushed up/slower hear rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Barotrauma

A

Injury caused by pressure differential

17
Q

Otic Barotrauma

A

Ear
Worse in descent when air attempting to return to middle ear
Eustachian tube one way valve

18
Q

Sinus Barotrauma

A

Sinus — inside facial bones around nose blocked by mucus and infection

If you experience this stop descent return to previous altitude and slowly descend again
In climb stop climb and land asap

19
Q

Aerodontalgia Barotrauma

A

Gas pockets in old or poor fillings
Commons in the ascent as gas expands
Not occur in descent

20
Q

Gastro-Intestinal Barotrauma

A

Gas expanding in small intestine

21
Q

Humidity in cabin

A

5-10% (Prevent corrosion to airframe and electrics)

22
Q

Incapacitation

A

Gastro main cause

UNCLEAN FOOD OR WATER

23
Q

High Altitude flying millisieverts limits

A

Max 20 mSv a year

24
Q

Alcohol Effect

A

1 unit per hour (15mgs/100ml per hour)
Rate of elimination slows down during sleep

25
Q

Bends

A

Bubbles in joins
Descending can reduce symptoms
Most common symptom of DCS

26
Q

Creeps

A

Nitrogen bubbles under the skin

27
Q

Chokes

A

Nitrogen bubbles in capillaries of the lungs

28
Q

Staggers

A

Nitrogen bubbles in blood supply to brain and nervous system

29
Q

Uphill terrain

A

Uphill slope = appearance of being too high

30
Q

Downhill Slope

A

Illusion of being too low

31
Q

Alcoholism symptoms

A

Higher tolerance to alcohol
Withdrawal symptoms
Conflict with the law

32
Q

Alcohol Consumption

A

No alcohol should be consumed less than 8 hours prior to reporting time for flight duty

Blood levels should not exceed 0.02% at start of flight duty and duty period

33
Q

Average amount of cosmic radiation flight crew receive per year

A

Equal to amount of background radiation
Average around 4.0 mSv per year

MAX IS 20mSv

34
Q

Which combination of factors associated with alcoholism

A

Genetics
Access to cheap alcohol
Social cultural background

35
Q

Reversion

A

Usually in emergency under pressure - automatically doing what you used to as under pressure

36
Q

What is a fume event

A

Abnormal odours, smoke, haze or fumes in the cabin

Toxic environment created by contaminated bleed air

Can include:
- fire extinguisher discharge in cockpit
- eye irritation
- carry on baggage
- cleaning products
- food items

Human Performance (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions