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Human Performance > Ears > Flashcards

Ears Flashcards

1
Q

Auditory System + Hz detections

A

Translating pressure waves to electrical signals which then interpreted by brain as sound

Lower hz detected at end of cochlea
Higher closer to round window

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2
Q

Outer Ear

A

Air
Pinna (shape of ear)
Auditory canal

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3
Q

Middle Ear Parts/Role

A

Air
Ear Drum
Ossicles (maleus,incus,stapes) (hammer,anvil,stirrup)
Eustachain tube

Transferred vibration to 3 bones (ossicles) then to the oval window

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4
Q

Inner Ear Part/Role

A

Liquid
Cochlea
Oval Window
Round Window (Seperate air/liquid)

Cochlea detect hearing
Vibration are received from outer/middle

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5
Q

Ear Drum

A

Tympanic Membrane

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6
Q

Eustachian Tube

A

Equalise pressure between outer and middle ears (Eardrum)

Finishes at back of throat
Emerges from cavity behind nose

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7
Q

Problems with Eustachian Tube when ill
(Otic Barotrauma)

A

Unable to equalise pressure due to blockage
Painful can cause ear drum to tear (barotrauma)

Worse in descent as air returning to middle

Vasalva manouvere -

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8
Q

Noise hearing loss + detection of hz in humans

A

85+DB prolonged exposure
120DB one off exposure

Humans can detect 20hz to 20,000hz
Higher HZ impacts performance more

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9
Q

Conductive Deafness

A

Defect of middle or outer eat preventing transmitting to inner ear

Otis Media (Glue Ear)
Ostersclerosis
Physical damage to ear drum
Excessive wax

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10
Q

Prebycusis

A

Age related
Higher hz lost first

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11
Q

Vestibular System

A

Maintain balance
Next to cochlea in the inner ear
Angular/Linear rotations
Assist control of eye movement

X2 chambers + 3 semi circular canals with fluid

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12
Q

Simulator Sickness

A

Mismatch between visual display and motion

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13
Q

Otolith chambers

A

Utricles (horizontal) and saccules (vertical) detect linear acceleration and gravity

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14
Q

Somataogravic Illusion

A

Forward acceleration creates illusion of climbing
Otholith deflected rewards
Deacceleration illusion of descending

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15
Q

Semi-circular canals

A

Detect angular (turning) acceleration
Canals move when head rotated
Inertia of fluid detected
Ampulla bulbs all sense turning

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16
Q

Somatogyral Illusion

A

Illusion of being stationery when body is rotating steadily (fluid returned to stationery after prolonged period of time in rotation)

Illusion of rotation when body is stationary (fluid still moving in canals)

17
Q

Alcohol and ears

A

Lowers SG of fluid in ears
Incorrect signalling to otholiths and semi circular canals

18
Q

Vertigo

A

Mismatch between spatial info and vestibular system
Develops in CNS
VMC - Look at horizon
IMC - Look at instruments

19
Q

Vestibular System refers to

A

The system in the inner ears consists of the vestibule and three semicircular canals

Reacts to linear/angular acceleration and gravity

Human Performance (18 decks)

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