Perceptual Errors Flashcards
Vestibular Illusions Occurs because….
Vestibular system assumed 1G acting vertically downwards
Only detect initial rotational movement
Below a specific threshold will not be stimulated
Insufficient info to correct minds interpretation from vestibular
Somatogravic Illusion
Acceleration = Illusion of climbing
Deceleration = illusion of pitching down
Otoliths in urticles//saccules give illusion of climbing
Somatogryal illusion is
Illusion of being stationery when body is rotating slowly
Sense of rotating when body is stationery
Semicircular canals work effectively at detecting initial rotation but prolonged exposure there is no movement on the hair sensors
What is the leans - Somatogryal Illusion
The sensation of turning in the opposite direction that occurs whenever body is exposed to angular deaceleration from a point of angular acceleration
Hairs become deflected from long exposure and turning back level will be interpreted as a turn
Coriolis Illusion
Making abrupt head movement in a prolonged turn creating illusion of rotating or movement in different axis
Disorientation causing pilot to change direction or altitude in attempt to stop rotation
Don’t move your head so much in prolonged turns
Vertigo what is it/what causes it
Sensation of rotating/tumbling or turning when body is stationery
Blocked Eustachian tube
Inner eat infection
Drugs
Sudden pressure changes in inner ear
Spatial Disorientation causes/preventions
False perception of orientation of a/c
Brain received conflicting info and pilot does not believe instruments
VMC
- Look at the horizon
IMC
- Establish and maintain cross check of instruments and scan with minimal head movements
Proprioception Illusion
Accelerating upside down at 2g is felt as 1G on your muscles
Autokinetic Illusion
Lack of frame of reference a point of light appears to move in darkness
Confuse aircraft’s for stars etc
Shift gaze to prevent
Reduces Visibility makes the runaway appear…
Further away
A up-sloping runaway gives the illusion that the approach is….
High on the approach
Pitching down therefore shallow overshoot
A downsloping runway gives the illusion of being
Too low
Result:
Pitch up
Overshoot/too high
Narrow Runway Illusion
Appear to high
Results:
Increased descent/shallow approach
Wide runway
Too low
Result:
Decrease descent/overshoot
Black Hole Effect
Occurs at night
Lack of visual references on approach
Lights appear to bright
Makes you feel your are closer and high
Runway lights appear dim - Illusion
Appear too far and shallow
Mental Model Is
Brain constructs a mental model on past experiences and learning
- brain is reluctant to reconsider once formed
Mental Model of the world is based on our….
Experiences and learning
Dangers of a mental model
We seek information to confirm it
What is our most reliable sensor
Vision
Symptoms of motion sickness
Nausea
Salivation
Hyperventilation
Apathy
Pallor
Cold sweats
Size constancy error
Illusion of obtaining greater height - flying over tall trees and then flying over smaller ones illusion of them being the same therefore thinking aircraft has climbed
