Respiration

Question 1

External Respiration

Answer 1

Process of taking in air and diffusion into blood

Exhalation higher co2 content

12-20 breaths on avg

Question 2

Diaphragm

Answer 2

Large sheet of muscle - pleural cavity

Controls the expansion and contraction of the lungs

Cone shaped at rest
Flat shapes when contracted

Question 3

Bronchi branches

Answer 3

Terminates and the alveoli
Connected to Trachea (tube bit of lung)
Adds warmth and moisture to air

Question 4

Name the respiration characters

Answer 4

Tidal Volume - normal

Inspiratory Reserve - Extra volume inhaled

Expiratory Reserve - Extra volume exhaled

Residual volume - volume after most forceful contraction of air (death)

Question 5

Tidal Volume volume

Answer 5

500ml

Question 6

Total Lung Capacity

Answer 6

6L

Question 7

Inspiratory reserve

Answer 7

3.1L

Question 8

Expiratory reserve

Answer 8

1.2L

Question 9

Residual Volume

Answer 9

1.2L

Question 10

Control of respiration

Answer 10

Levels of CO2
PH becomes acidic
Nervous system response to increase breathing

Question 11

Altitudes for breathing

Answer 11

10-12,000 feet - breath normally
10,000ft+ - oxygen/air mix
33,700ft - 100% oxygen
40,000ft - oxygen under pressure

Question 12

Normal Cabin Pressure

Answer 12

8000ft
9PSI

Question 13

Can you snorkel and fly same day

Answer 13

No limits of course you can

Question 14

Hypoxia

Answer 14

Lack of sufficient o2

Initial Symptoms - Stomach pain
- tingling in hands and feet
- pale/cyanosis
- hyperventilation
- headache
- euphoric sense

Workload/fitness/alt

Question 15

Hypoxic Hypoxia

Answer 15

Lack of oxygen levels in blood

Question 16

Anaemia Hypoxia

Answer 16

Reduced levels to carry oxygen

Carbon monoxide/smoking

Question 17

3 physiological effects of hypoxic

Answer 17

Reaction - 0-7000ft - night vision issues

Disturbance - 7000-12,000ft - Body able to maintain homeostasis

Critical - 12,000/22,000ft - mental/physical incapitation

Question 18

Useful Consciousnness

TUC

EFT

Answer 18

20,000ft - 30 mins
30,000ft - 1/2 mins
35,000ft - 30-90 secs
40,000ft - 15-20 secs

Effective performance time less

Question 19

Oxygen requirements for non pressurised aircraft altitudes

Answer 19

Mixture of 100% oxygen and outside air from 10,000ft to 34,000ft

34,000ft to 40,000ft pilots must breathe 100% oxygen
- 34,000ft breathing 100% = MSL
- 38,000ft breathing 100% = 8,000ft
- 40,000ft breathing 100% = 10,000ft
- 45,000ft breathing 100% = 20,000ft

40,000ft+ 100% oxygen under pressure

Question 20

Minimum partial pressure of 02 in the lungs?

Answer 20

55mm/Hg

Question 21

Hypoxia Symptoms

Answer 21

Euphoria
Blueness of lips and fingers
Loss of conscience

Question 22

Minimum partial pressure of 02 in lungs is

Answer 22

55mmhg

Question 23

3 physiological stages of hypoxia

Answer 23

Reaction - 0/7,000ft - dark adaptation/night vision effected
Disturbance - 7,000ft/12,000ft - body capable of homeostasis
Critical - 12,000ft/22,000ft - acute risk

Question 24

Reaction threshold

Answer 24

7000ft

Question 25

Disturbance threshold

Answer 25

10-12,000ft

Question 26

Critical Threshold

Answer 26

22,000ft