THRA.30 Flashcards
Caudal Mesenteric Artery
Caudal Renal Vein
Caudal Renal Portal Vein
External Iliac Vein
Common Iliac Vein
Caudal Renal Vein
Cranial Renal Vein
Cranial Renal Portal Vein
Ischiadic Vein
Afferent Veins
Caudal Mesenteric Vein
Interiliac Anastomosis
Internal Iliac Vein
Median Sacral Artery
Descending Aorta
Internal Iliac Artery
Caudal Renal Artery
Ischiadic Foramen
Ischiadic Artery
Middle Renal Artery
External Iliac Artery
Efferent Veins
Coeliac Artery
Cranial Mesenteric Artery
Cranial Renal Artery
Caudal Vena Cava
Renal Portal Valve
Gelatinous Body
Describe the blood flow furing rest
Blood passes caudally through afferent veins to the kidney
Where most animals have intercostal arteries, birds have…
Intersegmental Arteries
Which nerve is found between the middle and caudal liver sector?
Isciadic Nerve
Can renal portal circulation be found in non-flying birds?
Yes
The bird cerebrum lacks…
Gyri
Which part of the brain is well developed in birds?
Cerebellum
in order to control flight
Unlike in mammals, bird cranial nerves have…
Complete decussation
Mammals have semi-decussation
Describe the avian medulla spinalis
- Similar to mammals until S1
- At S2 , canalis centralis travels dorsally
- to the substantia grisea
- It is encapsulated by corpus gelatinosa
Avian brachial plexus is divided into…
- Fasciculus dorsalis → Extensor muscles
- Fasciculus ventralis → Flexor muscles
Why can kidney stones cause limping in birds?
- The kidney is adjacent to the ischiadic nerve
- Stones cause pressure on the nerve and therefore pain
Marek’s disease
- α-herpes virus
- Causes enlargement of the ischiadic nerve
