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FBS > Thorax Region And Airways > Flashcards

Thorax Region And Airways Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the serous pericardium

A

The visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium
Within the two would be the pericardial fluid

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2
Q

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium

A

The outermost layer of the heart
Would stop the heart from expanding too much

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3
Q

What nerve supplies the fibrous and serous pericardium

A

The phrenic nerve

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4
Q

How many lobes are on the left and the right lungs

A

3 on the right
2 on the left

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5
Q

What is a pneumothorax

A

When air would escape from the lungs

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6
Q

What causes the lung to collapse

A

When the lungs would be released from the walls of the rib-cage
The pleura would become unattached
Can cause collapse

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7
Q

What is a haemothorax

A

When blood gets into the lungs

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8
Q

What is the thoratic cage

A

Hard tissues that would not allow the full expansion of the thorax outwards
Consists of 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae and the sternum
This would protect the heart and the lungs

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9
Q

What is the function of the serous pericardium

A

Allows movement during contraction and relaxation of the heart

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10
Q

What epithelium would line the airways

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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11
Q

What is the area where the trachea would bifurcate

A

The Carnia

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12
Q

What is the level of the carnia

A

T4/T5

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13
Q

What is the main muscle in the airways that would allow contraction and relaxation as well as stability

A

Trachealis muscle

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14
Q

What is the vertebrae level does the oesophagus move through the diaphragm

A

T10

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15
Q

What is the vertebrae level of the vena cava

A

T8

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16
Q

What vertebrae level does the xiphoid cross

A

T7

17
Q

What is the vertebrae level of the descending aorta

A

T12

18
Q

What is the superior mediastinum

A

Aortic arch, thymus, trachea, thoracic duct, vein (brachiocephalic, superior vena cava)

19
Q

What is the middle mediastinum

A

Heart, ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk

20
Q

What is in the posterior mediastinum

A

Descending aorta, thoracic duct, oesophagus, vagus nerve, lymph’s

21
Q

What is in the anterior mediastinum

A

Remnants of the thymus, lymph’s

22
Q

What is the long vein that runs up the tibia and crosses the knee

A

Long saphenous vein
Longest vein in the body
Superficial vein in the leg

23
Q

What muscle is on the shoulder

A

The deltoid muscle

24
Q

What are the muscles on the pectoral

A

The pectoralis major (superficial)
Pectoralis minor (under the major and attaching to ribs 3,4 and 5)

25
Q

What cartilage is the thyroid gland mainly

A

The cricoid cartilage

26
Q

What is the cartilage above the cricoid cartilage

A

The thyroid cartilage

27
Q

Where are the remnants of he thymus

A

In the anterior mediastinum

28
Q

What are the bronchopulmonary segments

A

Each segmental bronchus would to a structurally and functionally independent unit of the lung lobes

29
Q

What is the fissure that are on the right lung

A

The horizontal and the oblique fissure

30
Q

What is the fissure on the left lung

A

The oblique fissure

31
Q

What is special about the pleura

A

Would go 2 vertebrae levels below the lungs
Attaches the lungs to the rib cage
Would be filled with pleural fluid in the pleural cavity that would aid with friction

32
Q

Where does the respiratory system form from

A

A bud on the ventral surface of the foregut

33
Q

What is different about the right bronchus

A

The right would be more vertical, shorter and wider (opposite from the left bronchus)

34
Q

Where does the secondary bronchus lead to

A

The lobes of the lungs

35
Q

Where does the tertiary bronchus lead to

A

The bronchopulmonary segments
Right contains 10 segments
Lefts contains 8 segments

36
Q

What is good about the bronchus being able to divide into different bronchopulmonary segments

A

If have a tumour is on of the bronchus or one of the segments, you can just remove that segment without having to effect the whole lung

FBS (11 decks)

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