Thoracic wall, plural cavities, lungs Flashcards
What is the transverse thoracic plane?
- Sternal angle to T4-T5
– Divides superior and
inferior mediastina
– Bifurcation of trachea
– Beginning & ending of
aortic arch
What are the numbers of the true, false and floating ribs?
– True (1-7)
– False (8-10)
– Floating (11-12)
What is the superior thoracic aperture?
top of rib cage, esophagus, trachea nerves and vessels pass through
what is the inferior thoracic outlet?
closed by diaphragm, IVC, esophagus and aorta pass through
When the diaphragm contracts what happens?
inspiration (expiration when relaxed)
what is the innervation of the thoracic wall?
intercostal nerves (derived from ventral rami of spinal nerves)
what movements occur during inspiration of the ribs?
increase in anterior, posterior, transverse an vertical dimension
What are the muscles of the thoracic wall?
innermost intercostal, internal intercostal, external intercostal (transverse thoracis under sternum)
what artery supplies the posterior thoracic wall?
posterior intercostal arteries (branches off descending aorta)
anterior intercostal artery is a branch off of….
internal thoracic (which comes from the subclavian artery)
what artery runs along the anterior internal thoracic wall?
internal thoracic artery
In short which arteries supply the thoracic wall?
anterior intercostal a.
posterior intercostal a.
internal thoracic a.
posterior intercostal veins drain to the
azygous system (which goes into SVC)
What is the pleura?
Single continuous membrane, divided into:
–Visceral Pleura- external surface of the lungs
–Parietal Pleura- Lines the cavity (Adherent to the thoracic wall, mediastinum, and superior surface of diaphragm)
For lymphatic drainage anything above the umbilicus is drained by _____ and anything above umbilicus is drained by _____
Axillary nodes
inguinal nodes
How many layers is the pleura?
it is one layer, it just appears to be two in the way that it surrounds the organ (like pushing hand into a balloon)
Parietal pleura is innervated by nerves of the thoracic wall that contain _________ pain fibers. THEY ENABLE THE INDIVIDUAL TO FEEL ______
somatic afferent (SA) ,
SHARP PAIN THAT IS WELL LOCALIZED
the left lung has ___ lobes, they are named:
two
superior
inferior
Visceral afferents (VA) to
the lungs/visceral pleura do
not contain ___________ these pain
fibers so _____________
somatic pain fibers
SO INDIVIDUAL FEELS VAGUE POORLY LOCALIZED PAIN AT BEST
the right lung has ___ lobes, they are named:
3
superior
middle
inferior
(also had a horizontal fissure separating superior and middle lobes)
if you inhale something which lung is it likely to find it in? Why?
right because it is more in straight in line with main bronchi
what anatomy is present on the superior lobe of the left lung
cardiac notch and lingula
Each mainstem bronchus
further divides into secondary
bronchi called
lobar bronchi (enter the individual lobes of each lung)
what makes up the conducting vs respiratory zones of the lungs?
conducting is till 16th division
then becomes respiratory where alveoli are for gas exchange
where is the esophagus in relation to the trachea?
posterior
what is the difference between pulmonary and bronchial vessels?
- Pulmonary vessels
– Vessels that deliver/take blood from lungs for oxygenation - Bronchial vessels
– Vessels of the lungs (supply lungs with blood needed for function)
where does the right lung lymphatics drain?
Right lung drains into
right lymphatic duct
where does the left lung lymphatics drain?
thoracic duct
