Back & Vertebral Anatomy

Question 1

The superficial muscles of the back are innervated by? What is their primary function?

Answer 1

ventral rami
move upper limb

Question 2

The deep muscles of the back are innervated by? What is their primary function?

Answer 2

dorsal rami
maintain posture
(attach on transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae)

Question 3

what is the function of ventral root fibers?

Answer 3

motor

Question 3

what is the function of dorsal root fibers?

Answer 3

sensory

Question 4

Which nerve fibers do motor and sensory innervation?

Answer 4

dorsal rami, ventral rami, spinal nerves

Question 5

review the cross section of spinal nerve

Answer 5

slide 200

Question 6

where are the cell bodies for the efferent fibers?

Answer 6

spinal cord GREY matter

Question 7

where are the cell bodies for afferent fibers?

Answer 7

dorsal root ganglion

Question 8

How many vertebrae in each spinal cord section?

Answer 8

7 C
12 T
5 L
5 S (fused)
4 C (fused)

Question 9

go over the parts of the vertebrae

Answer 9

slide 208

Question 10

go over parts of the sacrum

Answer 10

slide 210

Question 11

What is special about the boney landmarks on C1?

Answer 11

it does not have a spinous process, instead it has a posterior tubercle

Question 12

What is special about the boney landmarks on C2?

Answer 12

it has a dens that allows the head to rotate in a ‘no’ direction

Question 13

What is anulus fibrosis?

Answer 13

criss cross section on fibrous CT that encloses the intervertebral discs allowing greater strength

Question 14

what is the nucleus pulposus?

Answer 14

inner watery or gel like part of intervertebral disc

Question 15

What can occur with intervertebral disc herniation?

Answer 15

the gel that is in the disc begins to seep out causing compression of the spinal nerves

Question 16

what is the zygapophyseal joint?

Answer 16

joint connecting the superior and inferior facets

Question 16

what is the difference between a hemorrhagic and ischemic CVA?

Answer 16

hemorrhagic ruptures, ischemic blocks

Question 17

How can you identify a stroke?

Answer 17

FAST
F face drooping
A arm weakness
S speech difficult
T time to call 911

Question 18

go over the location of the spinal ligaments

Answer 18

233

Question 19

what is special about the ligamentum flavum?

Answer 19

high elastic fiber content making it yellowish in color

Question 20

what is a lumbar puncture? Why lumbar?

Answer 20

sticking a needle into the spine to get CSF to test, bc that is where cuadia equina is, safer to puncture there than spinal cord

Question 21

what is the order from superficial to deep of structures passed through during a spinal tap?

Answer 21

Skin
subcutaneous ligament
supraspinatus ligament
interspinous ligament
ligamentum flavum
epidural space
Dural space
arachnoid matter (where CSF is)