Thoracic Wall and Pleural Cavities

Question 1

the region between the neck and abdomen

Answer 1

the thorax

Question 2

boundaries of the superior thoracic aperture

Answer 2

body of 1st thoracic vertebra
1st pair of costae
manubrium

Question 3

boundaries of inferior thoracic aperture

Answer 3

body of 12th thoracic vertera
11th and 12th costae
xiphoid process and costal cartilages 7-10

Question 4

the thorax and the abdomen are separated by what structure

Answer 4

the respiratory diaphragm

Question 5

although the dome of the diaphragm rises to the level of the 5th intercostal space on the right, it ends at the __ intercostal space on the left

Answer 5

6th

Question 6

what four structures does the manubrium articulate with

Answer 6

clavicles at SC joints
1st pair of ribs
2nd pair of ribs at sternal angle
body of sternum at sternal angle

Question 7

the function of the manubriosternal joint is to

Answer 7

increase respiration and allowing expansion of the thoracic cavity through hinge-like movement anteriorly and posteriorly

Question 8

true ribs include those that

Answer 8

1-7

have costal cartilages attached directly to the sternum

Question 9

false ribs

Answer 9

8-10

have costal cartilages attached indirectly to the sternum

Question 10

floating ribs

Answer 10

11-12

have no attachment to the sternum

Question 11

three structures a rib articulates with at the costovertebral joint

Answer 11

1) superior costal facet of same numbered vertebrae
2) inferior costal facet of superior vertebrae
3) adjacent IV disc uniting the two

Question 12

at the costotransverse joint, the tubercle of the rib articulates with

Answer 12

the transverse process of the corresponding vertebra

Question 13

costotransverse joints permit what kind of movement

Answer 13

rotation at 1-7
glide at 8-10
permit both elevation of ribs during forced inspiration and depression during forced expiration

Question 14

external intercostal boundaries

Answer 14

tubercles of ribs to junction of costal cartilages with bony ribs

Question 15

external intercostal fiber directions

Answer 15

inferomedial

therefore elevate ribs

Question 16

external intercostal actions

Answer 16

elevate ribs

Question 17

internal intercostal boundaries

Answer 17

middle layer; extends from sternum to mid-axillary line

Question 18

internal intercostal fiber directions

Answer 18

inferolateral

therefore depress ribs

Question 19

internal intercostal actions

Answer 19

depress ribs

Question 20

innermost intercostal boundaries

Answer 20

angles of ribs to just anterior of mid-axillary line

Question 21

innermost intercostal fiber directions

Answer 21

inferolateral

depress ribs

Question 22

innermost intercostal actions

Answer 22

depress ribs

Question 23

transversus thoracis function

Answer 23

depresses ribs

Question 24

transversus thoracis boundaries

Answer 24

posterior surface of the lower half of the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process of the costochondral junction of ribs 3-6

Question 25

intercostal nerves consist of ____ rami of T_ - T__

Answer 25

intercostal nerves consist of ventral primary rami of T1-T11

Question 26

intercostal, pectoral and serratus anterior muscles are supplied by what arteries

Answer 26

posterior intercostal arteries
(branches of the descending aorta) located between the two deepest layers of intercostal muscles in intercostal spaces 3-11

Question 27

intercostal spaces 1-2 are supplied by

Answer 27

superior thoracic artery

superior intercostal arteries (branches of costocervical trunk)

Question 28

anterior intercostal arteries (from the internal thoracic a) supply

Answer 28

skin, internal intercostal muscles, thymus gland and breasts
found in intercostal spaces 1-6

Question 29

anterior intercostal arteries to intercostal spaces 7-9 are derived from

Answer 29

musculophrenic a - a branch of the internal thoracic

Question 30

right and left pleural cavities are separated by

Answer 30

mediastinum

Question 31

parietal pleura lines the pleural cavity. the structures it determines its name in that region
_____ is attached to ribs/intercostal spaces
_____ adheres the mediastinum
_____ covers the superior surface of the diaphragm
_____ lines the pleural cavity above the level of the 1st ribs

Answer 31

costal pleura
mediastinal pleura
diaphragmatic pleura
cervical pleura

Question 32

the lungs are covered with a layer of pleura called

Answer 32

visceral pleura

Question 33

where the costal and mediastinal pleura become continuous posteriorly is a line of reflection called the _____

Answer 33

vertebral reflection

Question 34

the costal and mediastinal pleura also become continuous anteriorly at a line of reflection called

Answer 34

the sternal reflection

Question 35

the costa;l and diaphragmatic pleura become continuous inferiorly at a line called

Answer 35

the costal reflection

Question 36

pleural recess are areas where

Answer 36

two layer of parietal pleura form an acute angle and are in direct contact with each other

Question 37

the recess located laterally along the costal reflection

Answer 37

right and left costodiaphragmatic recess

Question 38

the recess located anteriorly along the sternal reflection

Answer 38

the left costomediastinal recess

Question 39

the lungs are found in the pleural ____

Answer 39

sacs - a space contained within the visceral pleura

Question 40

the costal pleura is innervated by

Answer 40

the intercostal nerves

Question 41

the mediastinal pleura and diaphragmatic pleura is innervated by

Answer 41

the phrenic nerve