Lower Respiratory Tract

Question 1

differences between main right and left main bronchus

Answer 1

right - larger, more vertical, shorter length

Question 2

right lung has __ lobes and __ segments and segmental bronchi

Answer 2

right 3 lobes (left 2)
right 10 segments and 10 segmental bronchi
(left has 8 of each)

Question 3

the trachea is made up of three parts:

Answer 3

20 cartilaginous (hyaline) rings
Smooth muscle
mucous glands

Question 4

the trachea is supplied by two arteries and drains into three veins

Answer 4

superior and inferior thyroid arteries

superior, middle, inferior thyroid arteries

Question 5

the bronchial tubes are supplied by what arteries

Answer 5

three bronchial (2 left and 1 right) from descending aorta 
do not supply alveoli

Question 6

the ______ fissure of the left lung divides upper and lower lobes. in the right it divides middle from lower and upper from lower

Answer 6

oblique fissure

Question 7

the _____ fissure is only in the right lung and divides the upper lobe from the middle lobe

Answer 7

horizontal fissure

Question 8

the cardiac notch is present in the upper lobe of which lung

Answer 8

left lung

Question 9

just adjacent to the cardiac notch in the left lung is a structure shaped like a tongue called

Answer 9

the lingula

Question 10

the apex of the lungs lies where and what is it also known as

Answer 10

lies above the first ribs and is called the cupola

Question 11

the base of the lungs lies adjacent to

Answer 11

the respiratory diaphragm

Question 12

contains bronchi, pulmonary vessels and nerves, lymphatic vessels and bronchial vessels entering the lung

Answer 12

hilum

Question 13

the serous membrane covering the external surface of the lungs

Answer 13

visceral pleura

Question 14

the pulmonary trunk emerges from the ____ ventricle

Answer 14

right

Question 15

the _______ ______ network provides for exchange of blood gases with air in the alveoli and total SA is equal to size of all combined capillaries in all organs of the body

Answer 15

the alveolar capillary

Question 16

receptors found in the alveoli and smooth muscle

Answer 16

stretch

Question 17

receptors found in the respiratory epithelium

Answer 17

irritant

Question 18

the cough reflex is initiated by what type of receptors

Answer 18

tactile receptors

Question 19

receptors found in the pulmonary arteries

Answer 19

baroreceptors

Question 20

receptors found in the pulmonary veins

Answer 20

chemoreceptors (detect blood gases)

Question 21

sympathetic neurons of the lower respiratory tract function to

Answer 21

inhibit glandular secretion, induce vasoconstriction of bronchial vessels, dilate bronchial tubes

Question 22

parasympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 22

increase glandular secretion, induce vasodilation of bronchial vessels, and constrict bronchial tubes

Question 23

this lymph plexus lies deep to the visceral pleura; drains lymph from the visceral pleura and lung parenchyma to the bronchopulmonary LN in the hilum

Answer 23

superficial plexus

Question 24

this lymph plexus is located in the substance of the bronchi; drains lymph from the bronchi to the pulmonary ln near the hilum and then goes to the bronchopulmonary nodes in the hilum

Answer 24

deep plexus

Question 25

sequence of lymphatic drainage for lower respiratory tract

Answer 25

pulmonary
bronchopulmonary
tracheobronchial
tracheal

Question 26

lymph trunk that drains lymph from the right side of the trachea to the right lymphatic duct

Answer 26

right bronchomediastinal lymph trunk

Question 27

drains lymph from the left side of the trachea to the thoracic duct

Answer 27

left bronchiomediastinal lymph trunk