Lower Respiratory Tract Flashcards
differences between main right and left main bronchus
right - larger, more vertical, shorter length
right lung has __ lobes and __ segments and segmental bronchi
right 3 lobes (left 2)
right 10 segments and 10 segmental bronchi
(left has 8 of each)
the trachea is made up of three parts:
20 cartilaginous (hyaline) rings
Smooth muscle
mucous glands
the trachea is supplied by two arteries and drains into three veins
superior and inferior thyroid arteries
superior, middle, inferior thyroid arteries
the bronchial tubes are supplied by what arteries
three bronchial (2 left and 1 right) from descending aorta do not supply alveoli
the ______ fissure of the left lung divides upper and lower lobes. in the right it divides middle from lower and upper from lower
oblique fissure
the _____ fissure is only in the right lung and divides the upper lobe from the middle lobe
horizontal fissure
the cardiac notch is present in the upper lobe of which lung
left lung
just adjacent to the cardiac notch in the left lung is a structure shaped like a tongue called
the lingula
the apex of the lungs lies where and what is it also known as
lies above the first ribs and is called the cupola
the base of the lungs lies adjacent to
the respiratory diaphragm
contains bronchi, pulmonary vessels and nerves, lymphatic vessels and bronchial vessels entering the lung
hilum
the serous membrane covering the external surface of the lungs
visceral pleura
the pulmonary trunk emerges from the ____ ventricle
right
the _______ ______ network provides for exchange of blood gases with air in the alveoli and total SA is equal to size of all combined capillaries in all organs of the body
the alveolar capillary
receptors found in the alveoli and smooth muscle
stretch
receptors found in the respiratory epithelium
irritant
the cough reflex is initiated by what type of receptors
tactile receptors
receptors found in the pulmonary arteries
baroreceptors
receptors found in the pulmonary veins
chemoreceptors (detect blood gases)
sympathetic neurons of the lower respiratory tract function to
inhibit glandular secretion, induce vasoconstriction of bronchial vessels, dilate bronchial tubes
parasympathetic nerve fibers
increase glandular secretion, induce vasodilation of bronchial vessels, and constrict bronchial tubes
this lymph plexus lies deep to the visceral pleura; drains lymph from the visceral pleura and lung parenchyma to the bronchopulmonary LN in the hilum
superficial plexus
this lymph plexus is located in the substance of the bronchi; drains lymph from the bronchi to the pulmonary ln near the hilum and then goes to the bronchopulmonary nodes in the hilum
deep plexus
