Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System DSA

Question 1

visceral motor neurons innervate ___ muscle, _____ muscle, and _____,
regulates what functions

Answer 1

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

regulates heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, urination

Question 2

visceral sensory neurons monitor sensations within visceral organs including: (4)
often percieved to be somatic called: ______

Answer 2

stretch, temperature, chemical changes, irritation

referred pain

Question 3

presynaptic neurons are located in the ____ while postsynaptic neurons are located in the ____

Answer 3

CNS

Periphery

Question 4

sympathetic function is primarily _____

while parasympathetic function is primarily ______

Answer 4

catabolic

anabolic

Question 5

sympathetic innervation is distributed to:

Answer 5

all vascularized portions of the body

Question 6

sympathetic innervation to vasculature functions to vaso_______ vessels (except coronary)

Answer 6

vasoconstriction

Question 7

parasympathetic innervation is distributed to:

Answer 7

head, neck, body cavities, genitalia

not found in body wall or limbs

Question 8

parasympathetic functions to promote _____ function and _____ energy

Answer 8

normal function
conserve energy
“rest and digest”

Question 9

all glandular secretion is ______

Answer 9

parasympathetic (with the exception of sweat glands)

Question 10

sympathetic presynaptic fibers are ____ and postsynaptic fibers are ___

Answer 10

short presynaptic (go to sympathetic chain ganglia) 
long postsynaptic that is highly branched (want to influence a lot of organs at one time)

Question 11

parasympathetic presynaptic fibers are ____ while their postsynaptic fibers are ____

Answer 11

long presynaptic
short postsynaptic
few branches: want a localized effect

Question 12

most sympathetic neurons use the NT:

most parasympathetic neurons use the NT:

Answer 12

sympathetic: norepinephrine
parasympathetic: acetylcholine

Question 13

sympathetic presynaptic neurons are found in the

Answer 13

lateral (intermediolateral) gray horn of spinal cord of T1-L2(3)

Question 14

white rami communicans carry _____ from spinal nerve to associated trunk ganglia

Answer 14

carry presynaptic neuron

Question 15

gray rami communicans carry _____ fibers back to spinal nerve to travel to peripheral structures

Answer 15

postsynaptic neurons

Question 16

sympathetic nerves can ascend or descend levels of the ______ to synapse in another ganglion before leaving for the periphery

Answer 16

sympathetic trunk

Question 17

prevertebral sympathetic axons exit on

Answer 17

thoracic splanchnic nerves found only in abdomen and pelvis anterior to vertebral column

Question 18

prevertebral (collateral) ganglia (4)

Answer 18

abdominal aorta
celiac
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric

Question 19

the adrenal medulla is unique in that sympaethtic preganglionic fibers

Answer 19

synapse directly on medullary chromaffin cells that release great quantities of norepinephrine and epinephrine into the blood when stimulated
exception to the 2-neuron pathway for the ANS

Question 20

the cranial outflow of the parasympathetic division innervates

Answer 20

organs of head, neck, thorax and abdomen

Question 21

the sacral outflow of the parasympathetic division innervates

Answer 21

organs of pelvis and lower abdomen

presynaptic cell bodies form pelvic splanchnic nerves