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Clinical Functional Anatomy > Thoracic Wall and Lungs Lecture Slides > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall and Lungs Lecture Slides Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior and posterior attachments of the ribs

A

Sternum and Thoracic vertebra

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2
Q

What are the three type of ribs?

A

True (1-7) False (8-10) and Floating (11-12)

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3
Q

Functions of the Thoracic Skeleton

A

Protection and landmarks to the underlying viscera of the thorax and superior abdominal cavity (below the rib cage)

Opening for communication with superior and inferior regions

Movement for respiration

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4
Q

Inferior and superior Mediastinum is divided by

A

Sternal angle

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5
Q

The “point” at which the costal cartilage of the 2nd rib articulates with the sternum

A

Sternal angle

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6
Q

Structure lying at the level of the sternal angle.

*RAT PLANTS:

A 
Rib 2 
Aortic Arch 
Tracheal Birforcation 
Pulmonary Trunk 
Ligamentum Arteriosum 
Azygos Vein 
Nerves 
Thoracic Duct
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7
Q

Costal means:

A

Ribs

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8
Q

Sternocostal joints attachment:

A

Sternum and costal cartilage

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9
Q

Costochondral joints:

A

Costal cartilage and ribs

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10
Q

Costal cartilage increases the elasticity of structure for

A

better movement and breath easier

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11
Q

True Ribs 1-7 articulates with

A

sternum (directly)

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12
Q

False Ribs 8-10 articulates with

A

costal cartilage (next superior)

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13
Q

Costal margin is an attachment for

A

diaphragm and abdominal wall muscles

-a palpable landmark for thoracic and abdominal cavities

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14
Q

There are 12 bilateral ribs but only ribs _____ articulates with costochondral joints

A

1-10

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15
Q

Ribs 11 and 12 has no anterior articulation and only attaches to

A

Vertebra 11 and 12

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16
Q

Inferolateral to the xiphoid process

A

Costal cartilage

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17
Q

Transverse process of thoracic vertebrae articulates with ______ of ribs

A

tubercle

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18
Q

Costotransverse joints is an articulation between

A

articular costal tubercle of rib and costal facet of transverse process

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19
Q

Ribs + vertebral body make up what joint?

A

Costovertebral joint

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20
Q

Each ribs head attaches with ______ and each rib tubercle articulates with the______

A

costal facets on the thoracic body and transverse process

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21
Q

Weakest point of the ribs

A

anterior to its angle (portion of the ribs that curves toward the front of the rib cage)

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22
Q

Fracture of ribs may lead to

A

collapsed lungs

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23
Q

Costal groove is the location of ___________

A

the neurovascular bundle (VAN)

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24
Q

Apertures means:

A

Opening

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25
Q

Inferior and Superior apertures provides_____

A

passageways for vital structures in and out of the thoracic cavity

26
Q

What landmarks form the Superior Thoracic Aperture?

A

1st rib, T1 vertebrae, and jugular notch of the sternum

27
Q

What muscle form the Inferior Thoracic Aperture?

A

Enclosed by diaphragm

28
Q

Space between ribs is called ______ (spaced is identified by superior rib)

A

Intercostal space

29
Q

What rib is superior to 8th intercostal space?

A

Rib 8

30
Q

What structure articulates with both the sternum and the ribs anteriorly?

A

costal cartilage

31
Q

To reach the abdomen, the esophagus must pass through which of the following?

A

Diaphragm

32
Q

Volume and pressure relationship results in

A

inspiration and expiration

33
Q

Increase in volume means _____and increase in pressure means _____

A

lower pressure and decrease volume

34
Q

When the ribs rise up and diaphragm flattens. Is Mike doing inspiration or expiration?

A

inspiration (volume increase)

35
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve (C3-C5)

36
Q

What muscle separates the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity?

A

diaphragm

37
Q

Central tendon:

A

the fibrous pericardium of the heart is tethered superiorly

superior attachment of the diaphragm

38
Q

organ inferior and rest level of Right Dome:

A

liver inferior

level of the 5th rib at rest

39
Q

organs posterior to and rest level of Left Dome

A

Stomach and spleen inferior

level of 5th intercostal space at rest

40
Q

Which dome sits higher at rest , right ot left?

A

Right dome (5th rib at rest)

41
Q

Inferior attachments of the diaphragm:

A 
Xiphoid process
Costal margin 
Ends of ribs 11 and 12 
Arcuate ligaments across the posterior wall 
Lumbar vertebrae
42
Q

Mnemonic: I ate ten eggs at noon

A

Vena cava hitatus: Inferior vena cava (T8)
Esophageal hiatus: Esophagus (T10)
Aortic hiatus: Thoracic aorta (T12)

43
Q

Contraction of the diaphragm: action/result

A

right and left domes DESCEND inferiorly

INCREASE thoracic diameter and volume within the thorax

44
Q

Relaxation of the diaphragm: action/result

A

right and left domes ASCEND to resting position

Volume decease and pressure increases

45
Q

Forced inspiration and expiration requires use of ________ muscles

A

accessory

46
Q

Accessory muscles nerve innervation

A

Intercostal nerves (T2-T11)

47
Q

What muscles are recruited when forceful expiration is needed
ex: blowing out candles

A

Abdominal muscles + internal intercostal

48
Q

What structures passes through the diaphragm at T8?

A

Inferior vena cava

49
Q

What is the superior attachment of the diaphragm?

A

Central tendon (pulls on muscles)

50
Q

When the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. T or F

A

True

51
Q

Function: Trunk flexion and rotation, (accessory muscles of expiration) _________

A

external oblique and rectus abdominis

52
Q

External intercostal —- Internal Intercostal ________ —— Innermost Intercostal

A

Neurovascular bundle (VAN)

53
Q

The outermost layer of the thoracic wall, elevates ribs during inspiration
Vertebral body to the costal cartilage
replaces muscles fibers to the sternum anteriorly

Hand in Pocket

A

External intercostal

54
Q

Depresses ribs during active expiration, sternum to the tubercle of ribs replaces muscles fibers to the vertebral body posteriorly

Oh My!!

A

Internal intercostal (middle layer)

55
Q

Similar fiber directions and difficult to separate from the internal layer of
mostly found along a lateral section of the thoracic wall

A

innermost intercostal

56
Q

Intercostal vein arteries and nerves travel between what two layers?

A

Internal and innermost intercostal muscles

57
Q

The intercostal veins drains into what main venous system?

A

Azygos system

58
Q

Intercostal veins arteries, and nerves travel between what two layers?

A

internal and innermost intercostal muscles

59
Q

Which lung has an additional lobe and fissure

A

RIght lung

60
Q

Which lung accommodates for the position of the heart

Cardiac notch and lingula

A

Left lung

Clinical Functional Anatomy (12 decks)

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