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Clinical Functional Anatomy > Anterior Neck and Visceral Organs > Flashcards

Anterior Neck and Visceral Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the neck? (Superior & Inferior)

A

Superior: inferior border of mandible

Inferior: Transverse plane from manubrium to C7 spinous process
-weakest part in body

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2
Q

What are the apex and vocal process called?

A

Arytenoids

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3
Q

What structure has leaf-like elastic cartilage

  • depress: swallowing reflex
  • Elevate: breath/voice
A

epiglottis

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4
Q

Assembly of larynx

A

inferior articular facets of thyroid and cricoid cartilage

  • Cricoid articulates with arytenoids
  • Arytenoids articulate with corniculate and cuneiforms
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5
Q

Articular cartilage (osteoarthritis), cushion and minimize friction

A

Hyaline cartilage

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6
Q

What cartilage is shock absorbant, improve joint stability (labrum of GH and FA; menisci)

A

Fibrous cartilage

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7
Q

Neck Triangles:
Anterior triangle:
Borders: (superior, anterior, posterior)
Subdivisions:

Posterior Triangle

A

Anterior Border:

  • superior: mandibular inferior edge
  • anterior: midline of the neck (mandibular symphysis to jugular notch)
  • posterior: anterior border of SCM

Subdivisions:

  • submandibular triangle
  • submental triangle
  • carotid triangle: palpation of carotid pulse

Posterior Triangle:

  • anterior: posterior border of SCM
  • inferior: clavicle
  • posterior: anterior border of upper trapezius
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8
Q

What is superficial fascia called?

A

Platysma

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9
Q

What fascia is the levator scapulae in?

A

Investing fascia

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10
Q

Neck visceral organs are what fascia?

A

visceral fascia

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11
Q

Where are neurovascular structures of the neck located

A

Carotid sheath

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12
Q

Deep necks msucles are located in what fascia

A

Prevertebral fascia

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13
Q

What are the functions of fascia?

A

Protection and contains infection

Allows free movement of the neck during swallowing and turning

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14
Q

Which space can be dangerous in relation to the fascial spaces?

A

retropharyngeal space

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15
Q

Neck drainage:

Internal jugular vein: dural venous system and superficial vein drain into

A

Jugular vein

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16
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the Platysma

A

Cervical branch of CN VII: Facial N

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17
Q

What is the function of the Platysma:

A

depress mandible and lower face skin, elevate neck skin when mouth closed

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18
Q

What is the blood supply of the Platysma:

A

facial artery and submental artery

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19
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the Sternocleiodoidmastoid (SCM)

A

CN XI: Spinal accessory

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20
Q

What is the blood supply of the Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

A

Occipital and superior thyroid arteries

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21
Q

What is the function of the Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?

A
  • Ipsilateral SB
  • Contralateral RT (R/L);
  • FLX (B)
  • Elevation thorax and shoulder
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22
Q

A unilateral impairment of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) results to

A

Torticollis (muscles of the neck that causes the head to tilt down)

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23
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the stylohyoid?

A

CN VIII: Facial N.

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24
Q

What is the function of the Stylohoid?

A

Hyoid elevation

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25
What is the blood supply of the Stylohyoid?
superior thyroid artery and lingual artery
26
What nerves innervate the digastric: posterior and anterior belly
posterior belly: CN VII: Facial N. | anterior belly: CN V: Trigeminal N. mylohyoid branch
27
What is the function of the digastric?
Hyoid elevation, retraction of mandible
28
CN VII: Facial N. exits the stylomastoid foramen and innervates what two neck muscles before they branch out?
Posterior Belly of the Digastric and Stylohyoid
29
What is the nerve innervation of the mylohyoid
CN V3 (mandibular)
30
What is the prox/distal attachment of the Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Manubrium and proximal clavicle | Mastoid process and superior nuchal line
31
What is the nerve innervation of the Geniohyoid?
C1 hiking through hypoglossal nerve
32
What is the function of the geniohyoid?
hyoid and floor of the mouth elevation, depression, and retraction of mandible
33
What is the nerve innervation of the sternohyoid?
Ansa cervicalis
34
What is the prox. and distal attachment of the sternohyoid?
- posterior manubrium, clavicle and sternoclavicular | - Inferior border of hyoid
35
What is the function of the sternohyoid?
Hyoid and larynx depression
36
The sternohyoid and sternothyroid share the same nerve innervation and blood supply which is
Ansa cervicalis, and superior thyroid artery
37
What is the function of sternohyoid?
depression of thyroid cartilage and larynx
38
What is the nerve innervation of the omohyoid
Ansa cervicalis
39
What is the nerve innervation of the thyrohyoid? (same as geniohyoid)
C1 hiking through hypoglossal nerve
40
What muscles are in the infrahyoid?
Sternohyoid Omohyoid Sternothryroid Thyrohyoid
41
What bone is the only bone that DOES NOT articulate with others?
hyoid
42
What is the only bone that DOES NOT articulate with others?
hyoid
43
What is another name for laryngeal prominence?
Adam's Apple
44
The infrahyoid, suprahyoid, SCM, and Traps are a part of what fascia?
Investing fascia
45
Brachial plexus root/trunks and subclavian artery get impinged by anterior and middle scalenes can cause what?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
46
What are the contents of the carotid sheath? - internal - lateral - posterior
Internal: Carotid Artery Lateral: internal jugular vein Posterior: Vagus Nerve Spinal accessory n. CN XI Hypoglossal n. CN XII Sympatheic trunk
47
Which of the following glands have a correlation with frozen shoulder?
Thyroid Gland
48
What gland regulates calcium in the blood?
Parathyroid gland
49
The visceral innervation for thyroid/parathyroid gland: the superior laryngeal nerve is myelinated or unmyelinated?
Sensory: myelinated (faster electrical signals)
50
Prox and distal attachment of the stylohyoid?
P: styloid process D: hyoid body
51
Prox and distal attachment of the Digastric?
P: mastoid notch (posterior belly) P: inferior border of mandible (anterior belly) D: Common tendon hyoid body
52
Prox and distal attachment of the mylohyoid?
P: Mylohyoid line on mandible D: Hyoid body
53
Prox and distal attachment of the Geniohyoid?
P: mandibular inferior mental spine D: Anterior hyoid body
54
Prox and distal attachment of the anterior scalene?
P: anterior tubercle of TP C3-C6 D: Scalene tubercle 1st Rib
55
Prox and distal attachment of the Middle Scalene?
P: Posterior tubercle of TP C2-C7 D: Upper surface of Rib 1
56
What is the function of the anterior scalene?
- Neck ipsilateral SB, - contralateral RT, - FLX (B) - 1st rib elevation
57
What is the function of the Middle Scalene?
Neck ipsilateral SB; 1st rib elevation
58
Anterior scalene: nerve innervation and artery supply
N: Ventral rami C4-C6 A: Ascending cervical artery
59
MIddle scalene: nerve innervation and artery supply
N: Ventral rami of spinal nerve C2-C8 A: Ascending cervical artery
60
Posterior scalene: nerve innervation and artery supply?
N: Ventral rami: C6-C8 A: Ascending Cervical
61
The function of the posterior scalene:
Neck ipsilateral SB,
62
Longus capitis, Longus Colli, Rectus Capitis Anterior, and Rectus Capitis Lateralis are ________ of the neck muscle
core | -forward head: overstretch
63
Where is the thyroid gland located in relation to the carotid sheath?
Medial
64
Visceral organs in the somatic components: Arrector pili, sweat glands, blood vessels are parasympathetic or sympathetic?
Sympathetic

Clinical Functional Anatomy (12 decks)

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