Physiology: Lymphatics, Digestive, Endocrine Flashcards
What manage the immune response, attack and destroy foreign cells
T cells
What produces plasma cells, which secrete antibodies, antibodies immobilize antigens
memory
B cells
What are these the basic functions of?
Filtration - macrophages destroy microorganisms and debris
Immune system activation- monitor for antigens and mount attach against them
Lymph nodes
Tonsils, Thymus, Spleen, collecting ducts, Peyer’s patch (in intestine) , and appendix are all ___________ organs
lymphoid
________ forms a ring of lymphatic tissue around the pharynx
Tonsils
Isolated clusters of lymphoid tissue, similar to tonsils
Peyer’s patch
What is Muscosa Associated Lymphatic Tissue?
MALT
peyer’s patch, tonsils, and the appendix
What is located on either side of the posterior end of the oral cavity?
Palatine tonsils
What lies at the base of the tongue?
Lingual tonsils
What is located at the posterior wall of the nasopharynx?
Pharyngeal tonsil
What surrounds the opening of the auditory tubes into the pharynx?
Tubal tonsils
Crypts trap and destroy bacteria and particulate matter
Tonsils
Why is the left ventricle muscles thicker than the right ventricle?
The left pumps more oxygenated blood
What are the layers of the GI tract?
muscosa, submucosa, muscularis propia, serosa
Lubrication to facilitate swallowing, taste, and speech
Protecting against bacteria through washing the mouth, neutralizing bacterial acids, and secretion of agents that reduce bacterial growth-lysozymes, lgA binding protein.
Digestion of starches and fats
Functions of salvia
a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract
moves food through the pharynx to the esophagus
Peristalsis
generated within the circulation and liver- has the highest cholesterol content and function to deliver cholesterol to the tissue
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
is generated by the liver and intestine and perform reverse cholesterol transport, delivering cholesterol from the tissues to the liver for elimination in the bile
High-density-lipoprotein (HDL)
LDL is good in comparison to HDL (T or F)
False
High levels of LDL and low levels of HDL could result in what major risk factor?
coronary heart disease
What are swollen veins in the lower part of the rectum and anus that cause bleeding, itching or irritation, pain, and discomfort
-causes by straining during bowel movements, obesity, or pregnancy
Hemorrhoids
What is the Nephrons pathway?
Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
After products empty into the collecting ducts they go through
medullary pyramids, papillae, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
Amino acid based hormones are water soluble. T or F
True
Which of the following is a lipid soluble hormone?
a) . Testosterone
b) . Peptide
c) . Amine
Where are lipid soluble hormones located?
Intracelluar
Where are water soluble hormones located?
Cell surface
Amine (epinephrine), peptide/protein are ________ soluble
water
