Pelvis & Perineum Flashcards
Which of the following are the contents of the false pelvis?
a. ilium, lower lumbar vertebrae, sigmoid colon, and cecum (false pelvis)
b. pubis, ischium, sacrum, urinary and reproductive organs. (true pelvis)
The abdomen and perineum are boundaries of the true pelvis? T or F
True
What ligament attaches at the sacrum to the ischial spine?
Sacrospinous ligament
greater sciatic foramen
What ligament attaches from the sacrum to ischial tuberosity?
Sacrotuberous
lesser siatic foramen
Which two pelvic floor muscles form the lateral wall of the pelvis?
piriformis and obturator internus
What muscle make up the pelvic diaphragm?
coccygeus
+ levator ami
What three muscles make up the Levator Ami?
iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis
What is the nerve innervation of the Levator Ami muscles and Coccygeus?
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
If the perineum and pelvic diaphragm gets injured during birth it can lead to _______
weakening of the pelvic floor
urinary inconsistencies
What contain and support the pelvic viscera?
- bladder, rectum, anal canal, and reproductive organs
- anchor the roots of the external genitalia
perineum
What two regions can the perineum be divided into?
Urogenital and anal triangle
The perineal body is located between?
Urogenital and anal triangle
The urogenital has 2 spaces (pouch), what are they?
Deep perineal space
Superficial perineal space
Muscles of the superficial perineal space
Ischiocavernosus
Bulbospongiosus
Superficial transverse perineal
What are the Erectile/Tissue Glands contents of the Superficial Perineal Gland
Crus of Clitoris or Penis
Bulb of vestibule/or penis
Perineal membrane fascia
Greater vestibular gland Females Only
What muscles are in the Deep Perineal Space?
deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter (sphincter urethrae)
What erectile tissue/gland are in the Deep Perineal Space?
Bulbourethral/Cowpers gland’s
All these muscles are levator ami muscles EXCEPT?
a. piriformis
b. puborectalis
c .iliococcygeus
d. pubococcygeus
Which of the following would be found in the superficial perineal space?
a. deep transverse perineal
b. greater vestibular gland
c. bulbourethral gland
d. Sphincter urethrae
only present in females
The pudendal canal contains
pudendal nerve, artery and vein
What is the pelvic nerve autonomic innervation?
sacral splanchnic and hypogastric nerves (sympathetic), pelvic splanchnic (S2-S4) (parasympathetic)
What nerve innervates the perineum?
pudendal
Posterior or Anterior trunk of Internal Iliac Artery:
obturator umbilical, middle rectal, viseical aa, inferior gluteal, internal pudendal
Anterior Trunk of Internal Illiac Artery
What are the 3 posterior trunk branches of the Internal Illiac Artery?
superior gluteal, iliolumbar, and lateral sacral
