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Clinical Functional Anatomy > Abdominal Contents > Flashcards

Abdominal Contents Flashcards

1
Q

abdominal esophagus, stomach, liver, 1/2 duodenum, pancreas, spleen (celiac artery)

A

Foregut contents

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2
Q

1/2 duodenum, jejunum, ileum, proximal 1/2 colon, (superior mesenteric artery)

A

Midgut

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3
Q

Distal 1/2 colon (inferior mesenteric artery)

A

Hingut

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4
Q

rotates and rapidly elongates around the superior mesenteric artery 270 degrees counterclockwise, can stop at some steps and result in the abnormal alignment of contents

stop after 180 degrees of rotation, appendix under the liver, the pain still around McBurney’s Point. Disarrangemnet alignment, splanchnic nerves mixed

A

Rotation of Midgut

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5
Q

The hindgut elongates slowly and doesn’t rotate? T or F

A

True

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6
Q

The folding of visceral peritoneum:

A

omentum ligament

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7
Q

The folding of visceral peritoneum:

A

greater and lesser omentum (ligament)

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8
Q

From greater curvature of the stomach to transverse colon

A

Greater omentum

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9
Q

From lesser curvature of stomach to the liver

A

lesser omentum

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10
Q

Folding of the parietal peritoneum:

A

mesentery, mesocolon, ligament (falciform)

attaches organs to abdominal wall
provide neurovascular bundle

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11
Q

Entirely covered by visceral peritoneum organs:

Outside of parietal peritonum

A

Intraperitoneal organs

Retrointropertonal organs

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12
Q

These organs are intra or retroperitoneal organs? esophagus, stomach, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, transverse and sigmoid colon

A

Intraperitoneal (organs are mobile)

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13
Q

These organs are intra or retroperitoneal organs? Duodenum, pancreas. kidneys, ascending and descending colon

A

Retroperitoneal (fixed into the locatio)

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14
Q

This organ was a primary retroperitoneal and “spinned” into intraperitoneal

A

spleen

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15
Q

Which organ is in both the foregut and midgut?

A

duodenum

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16
Q

What is the blood supply of the foregut?

A

celiac trunk

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17
Q

What is the blood supply of the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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18
Q

What is the blood supply of the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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19
Q

What structures run underneath the hepatoduodenal ligament (foramen of Winslow)

A

hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein, common bile duct

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20
Q

The gastroduodenal artery is a branch of the

A

common hepatic artery

gives rise to hepatic proper and. right gastric too

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21
Q

If the patient has an esophageal hernia which chamber of the heart would be affected?

A

Left atrium (base)

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22
Q

Malfunction of the gastroesophageal/ lower esophageal sphincter will result in?

A

GERD

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23
Q

Blood supply of Fundus

A

short gastric artery from splenic artery, trabecular branches

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24
Q

Where is lipid and fat-soluble vitamins absorbed and the binding of vitamin B12

A

Foregut: stomach

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25
Q

What ligaments divide the liver into R and L lobes?

A

Falciform, L triangular, ligamentum teres, and ligamentum venosum

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26
Q

Connection of umbilical vein to Inferior Vena Cava

A

Ligamentum venosum

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27
Q

What is the difference between hepatic vein and hepatic portal vein

A

Hepatic vein: carries deoxygenated blood from liver to IVC

Hepatic portal vein: carries nutrient rich blood from the intestine and other parts such as the gallbladder, pancreas and spleen

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28
Q

Innervation: 30-80% by R phrenic nerve: pain around shoulder and back, probably for afferent visceral sensory nerve

A

Gallbladder

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29
Q

This foregut organ sends out hormones that control the amount of sugar in your bloodstream

Function:
Endocrine: insulin and glucagon (beta and alpha cells)
Exocrine: digestive enzymes

A

Pancreas

30
Q

Hypoduodenal ligament contents (foramen of Winslow)

A

hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein, common bile duct

HPC

31
Q

Squamocolumnar junction: transition from ______ to ______

A

ectoderm to endoderm

32
Q

Malfunction of esophageal spincher would affect what chamber of the heart would be affected?

A

Left atrium

33
Q

What is the blood supply of the stomach

A

short gastric artery (from splenic artery)

34
Q

What artery oxygenates the blood in the lungs?

—> pulmonary artery (deoxygenated) —> ____________ —> pulmonary vein (oxygenated)

A

Bronchial artery (oxygenated)

35
Q

This is the blood flow of what organ:

portal vein (deoxygenated) —> and hepatic artery (oxygenated)—> hepatic vein (deoxygenated) —.> IVC

A

Liver

36
Q

The patient had pain around the shoulder and back, probably for afferent visceral sensory nerve? What nerve?

A

R Phrenic nerve

30-80% population

37
Q

The patient has referral pain around L shoulder (diapgram) can he have Kehr’s sign?

A

Yes, Kehrs sign (ruptured spleen)

38
Q

Which organ has 24/7 surveillance every second to detect unwanted bacteria

A

Spleen

39
Q

The 2/3 of the duodenum is in the foregut? T or F

A

False

40
Q

During foregut rotation left vagus plexus rotate ______

A

anterior

41
Q

During foregut rotation right vagus plexus rotate ______

A

posterior

42
Q

Rotation of the midgut is ________ degrees

A

270 degree counterclockwise

43
Q

What is the folding of the visceral peritoneum

A

lesser and greater omentum

44
Q

What is the folding of the parietal peritoneum______

A

mesentery, mesocolon, and falciform ligament

45
Q

CELIAC TRUNK:

What two arteries branches of the splenic artery:

A

short gastric artery and left gastroepiploic

46
Q

What three arteries branches of the common hepatic artery:

A

gastroduodenal artery
right gastric artery
hepatic proper artery

47
Q

Hepatic Artery Proper give off what two arteries:

A

R and L hepatic artery to L lobes of liver

48
Q

What forms the internal sphincter of the stomach?

What forms the external sphincter of the stomach?

A

thicken circular smooth muscle

R and L crus of diaphragm

49
Q

Blood supply of lesser curvature:

A

right and left gastric artery

shorter words in comparison to greater curvature

50
Q

Blood supply of greater curvature:

A

Right and left gastroepiploic

51
Q

What is a vitamin essential for the stomach?

A

B12

52
Q

What are the anterior lobes of the liver?

A

right and left lobe

falciform ligament

53
Q

What ligaments divide the two lobes of the liver?

A

falciform, triangular, ligamentum teres, and ligamentum venosum

54
Q

What is the blood supply of the gallbladder?

A

cystic artery

55
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

Bile storage:
Concentration of bile from common hepatic duct
Leave organic components only
Digestion and absorption of lipids/lip soluble vitamins

56
Q

30-80% by phrenic nerve: Patient has pain around shoulder and back, probably for afferent visceral sensory nerve

A

gall bladder

57
Q

The patient has referral pain in the left shoulder (diaphragm)

A

(Keher’s Sign) ruptured spleen

58
Q

The pancreas has both Endocrine and Exocrine what are the functions?

A

Endocrine: insulin and glucagon (alpha and beta cells) have extraordinary abundant blood supply
Exocrine: digestive enzymes

59
Q

Center of immune response, 24/7 “training center”

A

spleen

60
Q

Price of the diaphragm muscle form esophogeal hiatus, r crus
suspending 3rd and 4th duodenum and duodenmjenual flexure

A

Ligament of Treitz

61
Q

What 5 arteries branch off the Superior Mesenteric Artery:

A
  1. Middle colic artery
  2. Right colic artery
  3. Illeicolic artery
  4. Jejunal arteries
  5. Ileal arteries
62
Q

What 3 arteries branch off the Inferior Mesenteric Artery

A
  1. Left colic artery
  2. Sigmoid arteries
  3. Superior rectal artery
63
Q

What is the function of the colon:

A

limited absorbtion: water, salt
symbiosis
dehydrated digested food residues to stool

64
Q

Constipation enlarged colon, can compress _________ nerve and induce inner thigh numbness/tingling

A

obrurator

65
Q

The right renal artery lies posterior to IVC. Increasing the abdominal aorta risk

A

AAA

66
Q

The left renal vein generally runs between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta. Compression leads to what risk factor

A

“nutcracker syndrome”

67
Q

Less blood supply at splenic flexure: bowel resection (large intestine)

A

watershed zone

68
Q

During portal hypertension:

A

gastric/splenic vein to esophageal veins: esophageal varies

(Inferior mesenteric artery) rectal veins to internal iliac veins: hemorrhoids

Paraumbilical veins: caput medusa
If IVC impaired, directly to subclavian veins

69
Q

Foregut: visceral motor innervation: (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

A

sympathetic: greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9)
parasympathetic: vagus nerve (cranial nerve 10)

70
Q

Midgut: visceral motor innervation: (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

A

n/a

parasympathetic: vagus nerve (cranial 10) to 2/3 transverse colon

71
Q

Hindgut: visceral motor innervation: (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

A

Sympathetic: lumbar splanchnic nerve (L1-L2)
Parasympathetic: pelvic splanchnic nerve (S2-S4)

72
Q

The function of the liver:

A

Nutrient storage
Detoxication
Secret bile: drain to gallbladder

Clinical Functional Anatomy (12 decks)

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