Thoracic Spine Biomechanics Part 1 Flashcards
rib cage is a blank kinematic system
closed
thoracic spine does not need blank processes because rib attachment stabilizes them
uncinate processes
longer sp of thoracic vertebrae are for blank and increased blank
muscle attachment, surface area
thoracic spine tp are thickened for blank
rib articulation
inferior facets of thoracic face blank and blank
inferior/anterior
superior facets of thoracic face blank and blank
superior/posterior
increased compression at vertebral body function is to keep thoracic spine on track, not blank
bear weight
allows for articulation with rib
demifacet
demifacet articulates with costal blank
tubercle
zone of weakness of thoracic spine is due to a decreased blank system
trabecular
zone of weakness can lead to blank fracutre blank
compression, anteriorly
zone of weakness is a blank shape out of vertebrae
traiangular
trabecular system is resistant to blank and blank forces
compressive/shear
ribs restrict thoracic blank
ROM
relative increased rotation and sidebending availabe in blank thoracic
upper
blank thoracic is more for flexion and extension
lower
upper thoracic is
t1-t4
lower thoracic is blank
t8-t12
ribs 1-6 are blank
close together
sidebending and rotation occur in the blank direction in neutral and non neutral mechanics of upper thoracic
same, type 2 fryettes
sidebending and rotation occur in the blank direction in neutral mechanics of lower thoracic
opposite, type 1 fryettes
lower thoracic obeys blank in non neutral positions (same side)
type 2 fryettes
thoracic spine has blank degrees of freedom
3
upper thoracic has decreased blank because of blank facets
flex/ext, frontal plane
lower thoracic has increased blank because of blank facets
flex/ext, sagittal
lower thoracic rotation from neutral, note tipping and tilting of sp toward the blank of spine (frontal plane) or blank of ribs (sagittal plane)
concavity, concavity
upper thoracic rotation from neutral, note tipping and tilting of the sp toward the blank of spine and blank of ribs because ribs are pulled posteriorly
concavity, convexity
an anteriorly displaced disk of the tmj would produce this
]
closed lock, reciprocal click
planar, synovial joint between ribs and vertebral body
costovertebral joint
t9-t12 vertebral facets are blank on pedicles
posterior
ribs 2-10 also articulate with blank
iv disk
cv joints are clinically tested during blank
rib springing
planar synovial joints between ribs and tp
costotransverse joint
costal tubercle of rib articulates with blank on tp
costal facet
ct joints are for these ribs not the blank ribs
1-10, floating
with inspiration, first rib elevates with blank and blank costovertebral joint motion occuring
superior, posterior
t1 may blank slightly during inspiration
extend
ribs 1-6 creates nearly blank plane motion around blank axis
frontal, m-L
ribs 7-10 nearly is blank motion around blank axis
sagittal plane, a-p
ribs 1-6 are called blank handle because it increases blank dimension and blank motion
pump, a-p, sagittal plane
ribs 7-10 are called blank handle and increases blank dimension and blank motion
bucket, m-L, frontal plane
