Movement Analysis & Principles Flashcards
two ways to assess function
movement, task
assess movement then blank then blank
components, motion segments
assess task then blank
factors ex) environment, psychological, emotional
assessment of movement that is the whole task
dynamic
assessment of movement that is parts of a task
static
analysis of movement describing movement
kinematic
analysis of movement for finding force required for a task
kinetic
four kinematic variables of movement
location (plane/joint), direction, magnitude, rate/duration
four types of motion/displacement
rotary, translatory (linear), gliding, curvilinear
movement around a fixed axis in a curved path
rotary (angular)
each point on the object moves through the same blank at the same time in rotary movement
angle
movement in a straight line
linear (translatory)
translatory movement… each point moves through the same blank at the same time in blank
distance, parallel
blank rotation often occurs during linear motion
concomitant
accessory motion/arthrokinematics and is another form of translation
gliding
when an object rotates about an axis and moves through space at the same time ex) thrown ball
curvilinear
movement about or around an axis
rotation
movement along an axis
translation
potential torque
moment
completely unconstrained segment
6 degrees of freedom
three linear motions
anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, superior-inferior
sagittal motion is about or around the blank axis
m-l
frontal plane occurs about or around the blank axis
a-p
transverse plane occurs about or around a blank axis
longitudinal (vertical)
goniometer measures blank motion not blank
osteokinematic, arthrokinematic
sagittal plane direction of motion is blank
flexion/extension
frontal plane direction of motion is blank
abduction, adduction
transverse plane direction of motion
rotation (medial & lateral rotation)
magnitude of motion is measured in blank
degrees
degrees per second is the blank
angular speed
velocity without direction is blank
speed
translatory motion quantified by linear blank
distance
study of forces
kinetics
push or pull
force
two types of forces
external, internal
N/5 =
~ lbs
a line must go with blank in a free body diagram
the muscle fibers
the distal lever moves by itself is a blank task
open chain
proximal lever moves but not the distal lever type of task
close chain
force of gravity attraction to earth
32 ft/s^2
a firmness of balance, an ability to resist a disturbing force
stability
knees and hands on ground position
quadraped
three balance determinants
strength, proprioception, agility
stabilitity blank with larger base of support
increases
stability blank with body weight
increases
as velocity increases stability blank
increases
an object with remain at rest or in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force
Newton’s first law (law of inertia)
property of an object to resist both the initiation of motion and change in motion
inertia (summation of forces = 0)
acceleration of an object is proportional to the unbalanced forces acting on it and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
Newton’s second law (law of acceleration) (a = F/m)
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton’s third law (reaction forces)
to produce or change the momentum of a body there must be a blank
external force
quantity of motion possessed by a body
P = mv momentum
increase angular velocity by blank inertia
decreasing
the torque applied overtime at the point of “takeoff” determines the quantity of
angular momentum
angular momentum blank in flight
does not change
falling cat is an example of a blank rotation
zero momentum
moment of force (potential)
torque
force times distance
torque
no skeletal muscle can insert on the joint because the blank would be zero which would create zero blank
distance, torque
force couples are blank muscles
synergistic
greater compression force, the less blank force
sheer
supraspinatus and deltoid are a blank system by creating a blank point to blank the arm
parallel, pivot, abduct
lever system with fulcrum between effort and resistance
first class
effort is the same as the blank muscle
agonist
resistance is the blank load or muscle
antagonist
lever system where the order is fulcrum, resistance, effort
second class
example of first class lever
occipitoatlanto joint
example of a second class lever
knee flexion
example of a third class lever
knee extension
lever system where the order is fulcrum, effort, resistance
third class
second class levers usually create blank contractions
eccentric
third class contractions usually create blank contractions
concentric
mechanical advantage of second class levers
> 1
mechanical advantage of first class levers
= 1
mechanical advantage of third class levers
< 1
mechanical advantage formula
effort arm / resistance arm
