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PT 506 Kinesio / Biomechanics > Cervical Spine Biomechanics - 2 > Flashcards

Cervical Spine Biomechanics - 2 Flashcards

1
Q

atypical cervical vertebrae

A

1,2

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2
Q

typical cervical vertebrae

A

3-6

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3
Q

cervical vertebrae bodies are blank for blank instead of blank

A

small, mobility, stability

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4
Q

balance between mobility and stability

A

transegrity

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5
Q

cervical spine has a general laxity to blank and blank

A

capsule, ligaments

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6
Q

uncinate processes are not present when blank

A

born

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7
Q

uncovertebral joints are aka

A

joints of vonluschka

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8
Q

skeletal muscles near C6, osteophytes near C5, and gliding at AA can compromise blank

A

vertebral artery

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9
Q

extension and rotation causes a blank in blood flow

A

bilateral decrease

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10
Q

C1 is aka

A

cradle

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11
Q

c1 structure for weight bearing

A

lateral masses

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12
Q

oa joint is blank

A

planar

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13
Q

inferior facets of atlas are slightly blank

A

convex

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14
Q

oa rotation… both condyles are going blank but sliding blank

A

superior, opposite (anterior/posterior)

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15
Q

superior facets of lateral zygo joints are blank in c2

A

convex

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16
Q

inferior facets face blank in C2

A

medial

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17
Q

aa joint has blank joints

A

3

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18
Q

1 blank aa joint

A

pivot

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19
Q

2 blank aa joints

A

planar

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20
Q

ligament that restrains aa flexion/extension

A

transverse ligament

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21
Q

amount of flexion/extension at aa

A

zero

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22
Q

aa joint is blank on blank

A

convex-convex

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23
Q

rotation of aa causes one side to be blank and blank while the other is blank and blank

A

inferior/anterior, posterior/inferior

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24
Q

rotation of aa could go superior depending on the blank

A

starting position

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25
Q

c2 and c3 junction is aka blank

A

the root

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26
Q

fryette’s law is actually a blank

A

theory

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27
Q

blank fryettes laws

A

3

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28
Q

rotation and sidebending to opposite sides are blank

A

fryettes law 1

29
Q

rotation and sidebending to same sides are blank

A

fryettes law 2

30
Q

typical cervical vertebrae have blank properties

A

meniscoid

31
Q

impingement of meniscoid contact lens then it could refer pain and be blank classified

A

derangement

32
Q

innervation to capsules of typical vertebrae and can cause referred pain

A

posterior rami C2-C8

33
Q

first iv disc of cervical spine

A

C3-C4

34
Q

adults do not have the blank component of cervical iv discs

A

gelatinous

35
Q

lumbar discs have blank but cervical discs dont

A

concentric annulus

36
Q

cervical pain cannot arise from blank fissures in the blank since there is no blank anulus fibrosus in a cervical disc

A

posterolateral, anulus fibrosus, posterolateral

37
Q

discogenic pain of cervical is more caused by blank or tears of the blank anulus fibrosus or blank ligament

A

strain, anterior, PLL

38
Q

how can we sb left and rotate right in cervical spine in typical vertebrae

A

aa joint comes into play for rotation

39
Q

fryette’s law applies to typical vertebrae in sagittal plane blank and blank

A

neutral, nonneutral

40
Q

right sidebending of oa, blank and blank glide on blank side

A

posterior, inferior, ipsilateral

41
Q

right sidebending of oa, blank and blank glide on blank side

A

anterior, superior, contralateral

42
Q

sidebending is like blank on the ipsilateral side and blank on the contralateral side

A

extension, flexion

43
Q

right rotation of aa joint makes blank/blank on ipsilateral side and blank/blank on contralateral side

A

posterior/inferior, anterior/superior

44
Q

most cervical flexion/extension comes from these vertebrae

A

c4-c6

45
Q

these two ligaments separate the dens from the spinal cord by creating posterior and anterior portions of the atlas

A

transverse, atlantal cruciform

46
Q

vertical fibers of transverse ligaments connect blank and blank

A

axis, occiput

47
Q

paired ligament attaching dens to medial occiput

A

alar

48
Q

alar ligament is taut during blank but lax during blank

A

flexion, extension

49
Q

alar ligament helps prevent blank displacement of c1 on c2

A

anterior

50
Q

whiplash occurs in blank milliseconds

A

400

51
Q

alar ligament also helps prevent blank

A

contralateral rotation

52
Q

whiplash creates blank because axis of rotation moves blank

A

compression, up

53
Q

disk protrusions are when the annular fibers are blank

A

intact

54
Q

disk protrusion that is usually laterally

A

localized annular bulge

55
Q

disk protrusion that is usually posterior

A

diffuse annular bulge

56
Q

disk prolapse is when annular fibers are blank

A

disrupted

57
Q

disk prolapse is when blank has migrated through the inner laminar layer but still contained

A

nucleus

58
Q

disk extrusion has annular fibers blank

A

disrupted

59
Q

nucleus breaks through the outermost layer

A

disk extrusion

60
Q

nucleus separates from disk and goes into spinal or iv canal

A

disk sequestration

61
Q

disk sequestration has annular fibers blank

A

disrupted

62
Q

straight compression forces will damage blank

A

vertebral endplate

63
Q

extensors of head/neck are referred to as blank muscles

A

suboccipital ghost

64
Q

obliquus capitis superior action

A

extend/sb ipsilateral

65
Q

obliquus capitis inferior action

A

rotate atlas ipsilateral

66
Q

rectus capitis posterior minor and major action

A

extend/rotate ipsilaterally

67
Q

semispinalis capitis action

A

contralateral rotation (uni), extension (bi)

68
Q

splenius capitis/cervicis action

A

ipsilateral sb (uni), extension (bi)

69
Q

effect where two muscles oppose each other to keep head in neutral position in good posture (allows balance)

A

guy wire

PT 506 Kinesio / Biomechanics (14 decks)

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