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Spinal Exam 2 > Thoracic Region > Flashcards

Thoracic Region Flashcards

1
Q

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

A

Vertebral Body
Transverse Process
Articular Process
Spinous Process

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2
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view?

A

Triangular

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3
Q

On cranial view, what is the outline of the vertebral body for the T5-T8 group?

A

Left side of vertebral body will be flattened

Right side will be convex

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4
Q

What is the name given to the L side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

A

Aortic Impression

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5
Q

What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?

A

The L side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims

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6
Q

What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

The posterior height is greater than the anterior height by 1-2 mm.

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7
Q

What is the height pattern of intervertebral discs in the typical thoracic region?

A

The intervertebral disc are rather planar or flat with no apparent height difference between anterior and posterior heights

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8
Q

What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

A

Vertebral body height differences

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9
Q

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

A

Kyphotic Curve

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10
Q

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) Syndesmosis
Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) Symphysis
Synovial Plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

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11
Q

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Four

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12
Q

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Two

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13
Q

How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Typically 4

8 if costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments included

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14
Q

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

Typically 10

14 if costocental stellate/radiate ligaments included

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15
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

A

Costocentral Joint

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16
Q

How many costocentral joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

A

4

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17
Q

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

A

The superior costal demi-facet

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18
Q

What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen in the typical thoracics?

A

The costocentral joint or Ribs

19
Q

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

A

Costocentral stellate/radiate ligament

Costocentral interarticular/intra-articular ligament

20
Q

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

A

Interarticular or Intra-articular crest of head of the rib

Intervertebral Disc

21
Q

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demo-facet surface?

A

The rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

22
Q

Which muscle is attached to the vertebral body of T2-T3?

A

Longus Colli

23
Q

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the typical thoracic vertebral body?

A

Pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly lateral

24
Q

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

A

10-15 degrees posterolateral from sagittal plane

25
Q

Which x-ray view is used to see into the TVF of a typical thoracic?

A

Lateral View

26
Q

What is overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

A

Shingling

27
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

A

Oval to Circular

28
Q

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?

A

Transverse plane

Vertebral transverse diameter

29
Q

What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint?

A

Transverse costal facet

Articular surface of the tubercle of a rib

30
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?

A

Superior costotransverse ligament
Inferior costotransverse ligament
Lateral costotransverse ligament

31
Q

What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?

A 
Longissimus Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
Semispinalis Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
Multifidus
Rotator Longus, Brevis
Intertransversarii
Levator Costarum Longus, Brevis
32
Q

How can you distinguish between T2-T4 from T5-T8 segment using the articular process on T2-T4?

A

T2-T4: Width between superior articular process is greater than width between inferior articular process of that vertebrae.

33
Q

How can you distinguish between T2-T4 from T5-T8 segment using the articular process on T5-T8?

A

T5-T8: Width between superior articular process is equal to or the same as the width between inferior articular process of that vertebra

34
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

Backward Upward Lateral (BUL)

35
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

A

Forward Downward Medial (ForMeD)

36
Q

How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

A

10

37
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?

A

6

38
Q

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for the ribs that are present on a typical thoracic?

A

2 Superior costal demi-facets
2 Inferior costal demi-facets
2 Transverse costal facets

39
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region?

A

Imbrication

40
Q

Imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics?

A

T5-T8

41
Q

Which thoracic has the longest spinous process?

A

T8

42
Q

What is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region?

A

T2-T4: undersurface of spinous process will angle up 40 degrees from horizontal plane
T5-T8: undersurface of spinous process will angle up 60 degrees from horizontal plane

43
Q

What muscles may attach to spinous process of a typical thoracic?

A 
Trapezius
Latissimus Dorsi
Rhomboid Major
Serratus Posterior Superior
Splenius Cervicis, Capitis
Spinalis Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis
Semispinalis Thoracis
Mutifidus
Rotator Longus, Brevis
Interspinalis

Spinal Exam 2 (27 decks)

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