Sacrum Flashcards
What is the typical number of segments that unite to form the adult sacrum?
5 Segments
What is the generic size of the first sacral vertebral body from the base view?
Transversely Broad
What characteristics of the first sacral vertebral body and pedicle are similar to the 5th lumbar vertebrae?
Base View: S1 TVP and costal element originate from the vertebral body, pedicle, and lamina-pedicle region to form sacral ala
In addition, vertebral body of S1 is more wedge shaped on lateral view with a much greater anterior height than posterior height
What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?
Anterior 2/3
What part of the sacral ala is derived from the true transverse process?
Posterior 2/3
How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?
4
How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?
5
How many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?
1
How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?
4
What muscle may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?
Psoas Major
What is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?
Zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1
What is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?
Backward, Upward, Medial (BUM)
Concave
What is the name given to the projection on the first sacral superior articular process?
Mammillary Process
What muscles will attach to the sacral mammillary processes?
Multifidus
What is the usual condition for the first sacral spinous process?
Non-bifid and Short
An imaginary line drawn along the dorsal midline of sacrum is identified as the?
Median Sacral Crest
What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the 5th lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spin bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?
Knife Clasp Syndrome
An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what feature?
Intermediate Sacral Crest
What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?
Mammillary Process of S1
Sacral Cornu of S5
What does the sacral cornu represent?
Inferior articular process and facet of S5
What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral spinal canal?
Sacral Hiatus
An imaginary line drawn from the transverse process of S1 to the inferior lateral sacral angle will form what feature?
Lateral Sacral Crest
What is the sacral tuberosity?
Enlarged transverse tubercle of S2
What is the name of the joint formed by the sacral tuberosity?
Accessory Sacro-Iliac Joint
What feature is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?
Auricular Surface
What feature does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rim of S1 form?
Sacral Promontory
The continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what ligament?
Deep Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament
What forms the posterior boundary for the 5th sacral spinal N intervertebral foramen?
Sacral Cornu
Coccygeal Cornu
Superficial Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament
Intercornual Ligament
What forms the anterior boundary for the fifth spinal N intervertebral foramen?
Vertebral Body S5
Vertebral Body Co1
Deep Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament
Intercornual Ligament
What forms the inferior boundary for the spinal canal?
Union of the superficial posterior and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments
What ligament is a homolog of the inter transverse ligament of S5?
Sacrospinous Ligament
Which ligament has a broad attachment along the lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
Sacrotuberous Ligament
Which ligament is the strongest of the sacra-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves?
Interosseous Sacro-Iliac Ligament
What is the homolog for the inferior articular process and facet at S5?
Sacral Cornu
What is the homolog for the superior articular process and facet at Co1?
Coccygeal Cornu
What is the homolog for the capsular ligament at S5?
Intercornual Ligament
