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Spinal Exam 2 > Sacrum > Flashcards

Sacrum Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical number of segments that unite to form the adult sacrum?

A

5 Segments

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2
Q

What is the generic size of the first sacral vertebral body from the base view?

A

Transversely Broad

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3
Q

What characteristics of the first sacral vertebral body and pedicle are similar to the 5th lumbar vertebrae?

A

Base View: S1 TVP and costal element originate from the vertebral body, pedicle, and lamina-pedicle region to form sacral ala
In addition, vertebral body of S1 is more wedge shaped on lateral view with a much greater anterior height than posterior height

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4
Q

What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?

A

Anterior 2/3

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5
Q

What part of the sacral ala is derived from the true transverse process?

A

Posterior 2/3

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6
Q

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

A

4

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7
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?

A

5

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8
Q

How many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

A

1

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9
Q

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

A

4

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10
Q

What muscle may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?

A

Psoas Major

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11
Q

What is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?

A

Zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1

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12
Q

What is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?

A

Backward, Upward, Medial (BUM)

Concave

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13
Q

What is the name given to the projection on the first sacral superior articular process?

A

Mammillary Process

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14
Q

What muscles will attach to the sacral mammillary processes?

A

Multifidus

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15
Q

What is the usual condition for the first sacral spinous process?

A

Non-bifid and Short

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16
Q

An imaginary line drawn along the dorsal midline of sacrum is identified as the?

A

Median Sacral Crest

17
Q

What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the 5th lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spin bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?

A

Knife Clasp Syndrome

18
Q

An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what feature?

A

Intermediate Sacral Crest

19
Q

What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?

A

Mammillary Process of S1

Sacral Cornu of S5

20
Q

What does the sacral cornu represent?

A

Inferior articular process and facet of S5

21
Q

What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral spinal canal?

A

Sacral Hiatus

22
Q

An imaginary line drawn from the transverse process of S1 to the inferior lateral sacral angle will form what feature?

A

Lateral Sacral Crest

23
Q

What is the sacral tuberosity?

A

Enlarged transverse tubercle of S2

24
Q

What is the name of the joint formed by the sacral tuberosity?

A

Accessory Sacro-Iliac Joint

25
Q

What feature is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?

A

Auricular Surface

26
Q

What feature does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rim of S1 form?

A

Sacral Promontory

27
Q

The continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what ligament?

A

Deep Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament

28
Q

What forms the posterior boundary for the 5th sacral spinal N intervertebral foramen?

A

Sacral Cornu
Coccygeal Cornu
Superficial Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament
Intercornual Ligament

29
Q

What forms the anterior boundary for the fifth spinal N intervertebral foramen?

A

Vertebral Body S5
Vertebral Body Co1
Deep Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament
Intercornual Ligament

30
Q

What forms the inferior boundary for the spinal canal?

A

Union of the superficial posterior and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments

31
Q

What ligament is a homolog of the inter transverse ligament of S5?

A

Sacrospinous Ligament

32
Q

Which ligament has a broad attachment along the lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?

A

Sacrotuberous Ligament

33
Q

Which ligament is the strongest of the sacra-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves?

A

Interosseous Sacro-Iliac Ligament

34
Q

What is the homolog for the inferior articular process and facet at S5?

A

Sacral Cornu

35
Q

What is the homolog for the superior articular process and facet at Co1?

A

Coccygeal Cornu

36
Q

What is the homolog for the capsular ligament at S5?

A

Intercornual Ligament

Spinal Exam 2 (27 decks)

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