Sacrum

Question 1

What is the typical number of segments that unite to form the adult sacrum?

Answer 1

5 Segments

Question 2

What is the generic size of the first sacral vertebral body from the base view?

Answer 2

Transversely Broad

Question 3

What characteristics of the first sacral vertebral body and pedicle are similar to the 5th lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 3

Base View: S1 TVP and costal element originate from the vertebral body, pedicle, and lamina-pedicle region to form sacral ala
In addition, vertebral body of S1 is more wedge shaped on lateral view with a much greater anterior height than posterior height

Question 4

What part of the sacral ala is derived from the costal element?

Answer 4

Anterior 2/3

Question 5

What part of the sacral ala is derived from the true transverse process?

Answer 5

Posterior 2/3

Question 6

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the first sacral segment?

Answer 7

5

Question 8

How many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

Answer 8

1

Question 9

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the S1 vertebral body?

Answer 9

4

Question 10

What muscle may attach to the first sacral vertebral body?

Answer 10

Psoas Major

Question 11

What is the position of the sacral zygapophysis in adults?

Answer 11

Zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L5/S1

Question 12

What is the orientation of the first sacral superior articular facet?

Answer 12

Backward, Upward, Medial (BUM)

Concave

Question 13

What is the name given to the projection on the first sacral superior articular process?

Answer 13

Mammillary Process

Question 14

What muscles will attach to the sacral mammillary processes?

Answer 14

Multifidus

Question 15

What is the usual condition for the first sacral spinous process?

Answer 15

Non-bifid and Short

Question 16

An imaginary line drawn along the dorsal midline of sacrum is identified as the?

Answer 16

Median Sacral Crest

Question 17

What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the 5th lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spin bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?

Answer 17

Knife Clasp Syndrome

Question 18

An imaginary line drawn from the superior articular process of S1 to the sacral cornu will form what feature?

Answer 18

Intermediate Sacral Crest

Question 19

What features may be identified along the intermediate sacral crest?

Answer 19

Mammillary Process of S1

Sacral Cornu of S5

Question 20

What does the sacral cornu represent?

Answer 20

Inferior articular process and facet of S5

Question 21

What is the name of the inferior opening of the sacral spinal canal?

Answer 21

Sacral Hiatus

Question 22

An imaginary line drawn from the transverse process of S1 to the inferior lateral sacral angle will form what feature?

Answer 22

Lateral Sacral Crest

Question 23

What is the sacral tuberosity?

Answer 23

Enlarged transverse tubercle of S2

Question 24

What is the name of the joint formed by the sacral tuberosity?

Answer 24

Accessory Sacro-Iliac Joint

Question 25

What feature is identified on the lateral surface of S1-S3?

Answer 25

Auricular Surface

Question 26

What feature does the anterior surface of the superior epiphyseal rim of S1 form?

Answer 26

Sacral Promontory

Question 27

The continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what ligament?

Answer 27

Deep Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament

Question 28

What forms the posterior boundary for the 5th sacral spinal N intervertebral foramen?

Answer 28

Sacral Cornu Coccygeal Cornu Superficial Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament Intercornual Ligament

Question 29

What forms the anterior boundary for the fifth spinal N intervertebral foramen?

Answer 29

Vertebral Body S5 Vertebral Body Co1 Deep Posterior Sacrococcygeal Ligament Intercornual Ligament

Question 30

What forms the inferior boundary for the spinal canal?

Answer 30

Union of the superficial posterior and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments

Question 31

What ligament is a homolog of the inter transverse ligament of S5?

Answer 31

Sacrospinous Ligament

Question 32

Which ligament has a broad attachment along the lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attaches to the ischial tuberosity?

Answer 32

Sacrotuberous Ligament

Question 33

Which ligament is the strongest of the sacra-iliac ligaments and is penetrated by dorsal rami of the sacral spinal nerves?

Answer 33

Interosseous Sacro-Iliac Ligament

Question 34

What is the homolog for the inferior articular process and facet at S5?

Answer 34

Sacral Cornu

Question 35

What is the homolog for the superior articular process and facet at Co1?

Answer 35

Coccygeal Cornu

Question 36

What is the homolog for the capsular ligament at S5?

Answer 36

Intercornual Ligament