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Musculoskeletal > Thigh > Flashcards

Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Inguinal ligament attachments

A

Anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle

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2
Q

Saphenous opening

A

Area of weakness in the fascia lata

Saphenous vein passes through to meet the femoral vein

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3
Q

Two muscles that the fascia lata doesn’t cover

A

Gluteus maximus and tensor of fascia lata

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4
Q

Iliotibial band

A

Blending of tendon of ToFL and FL

Inserts into lateral superior aspect of tibia

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5
Q

Lateral intermuscular septa

A

Divides anterior and posterior compartments of thigh

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6
Q

6 muscles in the anterior thigh

A 
Pectineus
Iliacus
Psoas major
Tensor fascia lata
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
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7
Q

4 muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

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8
Q

Pectineus origin

A

Superior pubic ramus

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9
Q

Pectineus insertion

A

Inferior to lesser trochanter

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10
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

Femoral nerve and obturator nerve

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11
Q

Pectineus actions

A

Adducts and flexes thigh

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12
Q

Iliacus origin

A

Iliac fossa

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13
Q

Iliacus insertion

A

Lesser trochanter

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14
Q

Iliacus innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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15
Q

Iliacus actions

A

Flexes and externally rotates thigh

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16
Q

Psoas major origin

A

Lumbar vertebrae

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17
Q

Psoas major insertion

A

Lesser trochanter

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18
Q

Psoas major innervation

A

L2 and L3

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19
Q

Psoas major actions

A

Flexes and externally rotates thigh

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20
Q

Tensor fascia lata origin

A

ASIS and iliac crest

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21
Q

Tensor fascia lata insertion

A

Iliotibial band

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22
Q

Tensor fascia lata innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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23
Q

Tensor fascia lata actions

A

Abducts thigh

Dynamic stabiliser

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24
Q

Sartorius origin

A

ASIS

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25
Q

Sartorial insertion

A

Pes anserinus

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26
Q

3 muscle tendons that make up the pes anserinus

A

Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendonosus

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27
Q

Rectus femoris straight head origin

A

AIIS

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28
Q

Rectus femoris reflected head origin

A

Superior acetabular rim

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29
Q

Rectus femoris innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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30
Q

Rectus femoris actions

A

Flexes thigh

Extends leg

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31
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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32
Q

Sartorius actions

A

Flexes, abducts and externally rotates thigh

Flexes leg

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33
Q

Vastus lateralis origin

A

Greater trochanter and linea aspera

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34
Q

Linea aspera

A

Ridge of roughened surface on the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur

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35
Q

Vastus intermedius origin

A

Superior 2/3 of femoral shaft and lateral intermuscular septum

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36
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial intermuscular septum

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37
Q

Vasti insertion

A

Superior patella

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38
Q

Vasti actions

A

Extend leg

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39
Q

Vasti innervation

A

Femoral nerve

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40
Q

5 muscles in the medial thigh

A 
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus
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41
Q

Adductor longus origin

A

Body of pubis

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42
Q

Adductor longus insertion

A

Linea aspera

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43
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A

Obturator nerve

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44
Q

Adductor longus actions

A

Adducts and flexes thigh

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45
Q

Adductor brevis origin

A

Inferior pubic ramus

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46
Q

Adductor brevis insertion

A

Linea aspera

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47
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

Obturator nerve

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48
Q

Adductor brevis actions

A

Adducts and flexes thigh

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49
Q

Adductor magnus adductor part origin

A

Inferior pubic ramus

50
Q

Adductor magnus hamstring part origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

51
Q

Adductor magnus insertion

A

Linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge and adductor tubercle

52
Q

Adductor magnus adductor part innervation

A

Obturator nerve

53
Q

Adductor magnus hamstring part innervation

A

Sciatic nerve

54
Q

Adductor magnus actions

A

Adducts thigh

Flexes and extends thigh

55
Q

Gracilis origin

A

Body of pubis

56
Q

Gracilis insertion

A

Pes anserinus

57
Q

Pes anserinus insertion

A

Superior part of medial tibia

58
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

Obturator nerve

59
Q

Gracilis actions

A

Adducts thigh

Flexes and internally rotates leg

60
Q

Obturator externus origin

A

Obturator foramen and membrane

61
Q

Obturator externus insertion

A

Posterior intertrochanteric fossa

62
Q

Obturator externus innervation

A

Obturator nerve

63
Q

Obturator externus actions

A

Externally rotates thigh

64
Q

The adductor hiatus is formed by:

A

The adductor magnus and the femur

65
Q

The femoral and obturator nerves arise from:

A

The lumbar plexus - L2, L3 and L4

66
Q

The terminal branch of the femoral nerve is called:

A

The saphenous nerve

67
Q

Arterial branches in the thigh, starting with aorta and finishing with perforator arteries

A 
Aorta
Right common iliac artery
External iliac artery
Femoral artery
Profunda femoris
Perforator arteries
68
Q

Vein branches in the thigh starting with inferior vena cava and finishing with superficial veins

A

IVC
Right common iliac vein
External iliac vein
Small saphenous and great saphenous veins - superficial, form a loop back up

69
Q

Femoral triangle boundaries

A

Superior: inguinal ligament
Lateral: sartorius
Medial: adductor longus

70
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A

Nerve
Artery
Vein
Lymphatics

71
Q

Femoral triangle roof

A

Fascia lata, fat and skin

72
Q

Femoral triangle floor

A

Iliacus
Psoas major
Pectineus
Adductor brevis

73
Q

Femoral nerve formation

A

From L2, L3 and L4 within psoas major

Passes under midpoint of inguinal ligament to supply flexors of hip and extensors of knee

74
Q

Femoral sheath

A

Starts at inguinal ligament
Extends inferiorly
Contains artery, vein and lymphatics but not nerve

75
Q

Adductor canal boundaries

A

Medial: sartorius
Posterior: adductors longus and magnus
Lateral: vastus medialis

76
Q

Inlet to adductor canal

A

Apex of femoral triangle

77
Q

Outlet of adductor canal

A

Adductor hiatus

78
Q

Contents of adductor canal

A

Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Nerve to vastus medialis
Saphenous nerve

79
Q

3 key ligaments in the pelvis

A

Sacrotuberous
Posterior sacroiliac
Sacrospinous

80
Q

Sacrospinous ligament

A

Connects sacrum and coccyx to ASIS

81
Q

Sacrotuberous ligament

A

Connects sacrum and coccyx to ischial tuberosity

82
Q

Greater sciatic foramen purpose

A

Exit route for everything in pelvis to go to gluteal region

83
Q

Lesser sciatic foramen purpose

A

Passageway for structures entering and leaving the perineum

84
Q

8 gluteal muscles

A 
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Superior and inferior gemelli
Quadratus femoris
Tensor fascia lata
85
Q

Gluteus maximus origin

A

Upper ilium, posterior sacrum, coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament

86
Q

Gluteus maximus insertion

A

Iliotibial band and gluteal tuberosity of the femur

87
Q

Gluteus maximus innervation

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

88
Q

Gluteus maximum actions

A

Extends and laterally rotates thigh

89
Q

Gluteus medius origin

A

Ilium between posterior and middle gluteal lines

90
Q

Gluteal medius innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

91
Q

Gluteus medial actions

A

Abducts and internally rotates thigh

Pelvis stabiliser

92
Q

5 muscles that insert into greater trochanter

A 
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Superior and inferior gemelli
93
Q

3 muscles innervated by superior gluteal nerve

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

94
Q

Superior gluteal nerve arises from:

A

L4, L5 and S1

95
Q

Gluteus minimus origin

A

Ilium between middle and inferior gluteal lines

96
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

97
Q

Gluteus minimus actions

A

Abducts and internally rotates thigh

98
Q

Piriformis origin

A

Anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

99
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

Sacral plexus (S1 - S2)

100
Q

4 muscles that externally rotate the thigh

A

Piriformis
Obturator internus
Superior and inferior gemelli
Quadratus femoris

101
Q

Obturator internus origin

A

Obturator foramen and membrane

102
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus from the sacral plexus

103
Q

Superior gemelli origin

A

Ischial spine

104
Q

Superior gemelli innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus

105
Q

Inferior gemelli origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

106
Q

Inferior gemelli innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

107
Q

Quadratus femoris origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

108
Q

Quadratus femoris insertion

A

Quadrate tubercle

109
Q

Quadratus femoris innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris from the sacral plexus

110
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve arises from:

A

L5, S1 and S2

111
Q

4 posterior thigh muscles

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Adductor magnus

112
Q

All posterior thigh muscles are innervated by the ______ _____ _____ except the ______ ______ ____ ____ which is innervated by the _____ _______ _____

A

Sciatic tibial nerve
Biceps femoris short head
Sciatic peroneal nerve

113
Q

Biceps femoris long head origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

114
Q

Biceps femoris short head origin

A

Linea aspera

115
Q

Biceps femoris insertion

A

Head of fibula

116
Q

Biceps femoris actions

A

Flexes and externally rotates leg at knee

Extends thigh at hip

117
Q

Semitendonosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

118
Q

Semitendonosus insertion

A

Pes anserinus

119
Q

Semitendonosus actions

A

Flexes and internally rotates leg

Extends thigh

120
Q

Semimembranosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

121
Q

Semimembranosus insertion

A

Medial condyle of tibia

122
Q

Semimembranosus actions

A

Flexes and internally rotates leg

Extends thigh

Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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