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Musculoskeletal > Arm > Flashcards

Arm Flashcards

1
Q

The arm is divided into anterior and posterior compartments by:

A

Intermuscular septa

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2
Q

Intermuscular septa are attached to:

A

Medial and lateral supracondylar ridges of the humerus

They are continuous with the deep fascia

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3
Q

3 key muscles of anterior compartment of arm

A

Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii
Brachialis

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4
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve positon relative to anterior arm muscles

A

Pierces coracobrachialis

Lies on brachialis underneath biceps brachii

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5
Q

3 pectoral girdle to arm muscles

A

Deltoid
Teres major
Coracobrachialis

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6
Q

4 rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

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7
Q

2 pectoral girdle to forearm muscles

A

Biceps brachii

Triceps brachii - long head

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8
Q

2 arm to forearm muscles

A

Brachialis

Triceps brachii - lateral and medial heads

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9
Q

3 parts of deltoid

A

Anterior fibres - unipennate
Middle fibres - multipennate
Posterior fibres - unipennate

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10
Q

Deltoid origin

A

Anatomical horseshoe

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11
Q

Deltoid insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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12
Q

Anterior fibres of deltoid functions

A

Flexes shoulder
Internally rotates arm
Abducts and adducts arm (with posterior fibres)

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13
Q

Middle fibres of deltoid function

A

Abducts arm

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14
Q

Posterior fibres of deltoid functions

A

Extends shoulder
Externally rotates arm
Abducts and adducts arm (with anterior fibres)

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15
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary nerve

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16
Q

Teres major origin

A

Inferior angle and lateral border of scapula

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17
Q

Teres major insertion

A

Medial lip of intertubercular groove

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18
Q

Teres major innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve

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19
Q

Teres major functions

A

Adducts shoulder
Extends shoulder
Internally rotates arm

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20
Q

Biceps brachii long head origin

A

Supraglenoid tubercle

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21
Q

Biceps brachii short head origin

A

Coracoid process

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22
Q

Biceps brachii insertion

A

Bicipital aponeurosis and radial tuberosity

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23
Q

Biceps brachii innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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24
Q

Biceps brachii functions

A

Supinator
Flexes elbow
Flexes shoulder

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25
Q

Brachialis origin

A

Anterior surface of distal humerus including intermuscular septa

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26
Q

Brachialis insertion

A

Ulnar tuberosity

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27
Q

Brachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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28
Q

Brachialis function

A

Flexes elbow

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29
Q

Coracobrachialis origin

A

Coracoid process

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30
Q

Coracobrachialis insertion

A

Medial side of humerus opposite deltoid tuberosity

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31
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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32
Q

Coracobrachialis functions

A

Adducts shoulder

Flexes shoulder

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33
Q

Triceps brachii long head origin

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

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34
Q

Triceps brachii lateral head origin

A

Above radial groove

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35
Q

Triceps brachii medial head origin

A

Below radial groove

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36
Q

Triceps brachii insertion

A

Olecranon

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37
Q

Triceps brachii innervation

A

Radial nerve

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38
Q

Triceps brachii functions

A

Extends elbow
Adducts shoulder
Extends shoulder

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39
Q

Triceps brachii blood supply

A

Branches of the profunda brachii artery

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40
Q

The quadrangular space is found:

A

On the lateral side of the long head of triceps

41
Q

Borders of quadrangular space

A

Triceps long head medially
Humerus laterally
Teres minor superiorly
Teres major inferiorly

42
Q

Borders of the triangular space

A

Triceps long head laterally
Teres minor superiorly
Teres major inferiorly

43
Q

2 things that pass through the quadrangular space

A

Axillary nerve

Posterior humeral circumflex artery

44
Q

Key thing that passes through the triangular space

A

A branch of the circumflex scapular artery

45
Q

Borders of the triangular interval

A

Teres major superiorly
Lateral head of triceps laterally
Long head of triceps medially

46
Q

Cubital fossa boundaries

A

Medial: pronator teres
Lateral: brachioradialis
Floor: Brachialis and supinator
Roof: deep fascia of forearm

47
Q

In the cubital fossa, the brachial artery divides into:

A

Radial and ulnar arteries

48
Q

The anatomical neck of the humerus separates the head from:

A

The greater and lesser tubercles

49
Q

Key extracapsular ligament of the shoulder

A

Coracoacromial ligament

50
Q

The coracoacromial ligament forms the:

A

Coracoacromial arch between the coracoid process and the acromion

51
Q

Coracoacromial ligament purpose

A

Prevents superior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint

52
Q

3 key capsular ligaments of the shoulder

A

Coracohumeral
Transverse humeral
Glenohumeral

53
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A

Strong flattened band that suspends the arm and superiorly reinforces the shoulder joint capsule

54
Q

Transverse humeral ligament

A

Spans between greater and lesser tubercle holding the tendon of the long head of biceps in position as it emerges from the capsule

55
Q

Glenohumeral ligaments

A

Three weak thichenings on the anterior and interior aspects of the capsule

56
Q

3 key bursae of the shoulder

A

Subscapular
Subacromial
Subdeltoid

57
Q

Subscapular bursa location

A

Under the coracoid process

58
Q

Subscapular bursa purpose

A

Protects subscapularis from the underlying ridge of the glenoid fossa during contraction

59
Q

Subacromial bursa location

A

Separates overlying coracoacromial arch from supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons as they pass to their insertions on the facets of the greater tubercle

60
Q

The subdeltoid bursa is a _______ _________ of the subacromial bursa

A

Lateral continuation

61
Q

Subscapularis origin

A

Subscapular fossa

62
Q

Subscapularis insertion

A

Lesser tubercle

63
Q

Subscapularis innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

64
Q

Subscapularis function

A

Internally rotates arm

65
Q

Supraspinatus origin

A

Supraspinous fossa

66
Q

Supraspinatus insertion

A

Superior facet of greater tubercle

67
Q

Infraspinatus origin

A

Infraspinous fossa

68
Q

Infraspinatus insertion

A

Middle facet of greater tubercle

69
Q

Teres minor origin

A

Lateral border of scapula

70
Q

Teres minor insertion

A

Inferior facet of greater tubercle

71
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

72
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve

73
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

Axillary nerve

74
Q

Supraspinatus function

A

Abducts arm

75
Q

Infraspinatus function

A

Externally rotates arm

76
Q

Teres minor function

A

Externally rotates arm

77
Q

Near the bottom of the humerus are two:

A

Epicondyles - medial and lateral

78
Q

At the bottom lateral side of the humerus is the:

A

Capitalum

79
Q

At the bottom medial side of the humerus is the:

A

Trochlea

80
Q

The capitalum articulates with the:

A

Head of the radius

81
Q

The trochlea articulates with the:

A

Trochlear notch of the ulna

82
Q

3 joints of the elbow

A

Humero-ulnar
Humero-radial
Radio-ulnar

83
Q

Humero-ulnar joint components

A

Coronoid fossa of humerus
Trochlea
Trochlear notch
Coronoid process of ulna

84
Q

Humero-radial joint components

A

Lateral epicondyle
Capitalum
Superior surface of radius

85
Q

Radio-ulnar joint components

A

Head of radius

Radial notch on ulna

86
Q

3 key ligaments of the elbow

A

Triangular ulnar
Radial
Annular

87
Q

Triangular ulnar ligament connections

A

Apex at medial epicondyle

Base at upper medial aspect of ulna

88
Q

Radial ligament connections

A

Lateral epicondyle to annular ligament

89
Q

Annular ligament connections

A

Edges of radial notch of ulna, surrounds head of radius

90
Q

2 arm abductors

A

Supraspinatus

Middle fibres of deltoid

91
Q

7 arm adductors

A 
Posterior fibres of deltoid
Anterior fibres of deltoid
Pectoralis major
Long head of triceps
Coracobrachialis
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi
92
Q

4 arm flexors

A

Anterior fibres of deltoid
Clavicular head of pectoralis major
Coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii

93
Q

5 arm extensors

A 
Posterior fibres of deltoid
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi
Long head of triceps
Sternocostal portion of pectoralis major
94
Q

5 internal arm rotators

A 
Pectoralis major
Anterior fibres of deltoid
Subscapularis
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
95
Q

3 external arm rotators

A

Posterior fibres of deltoid
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

96
Q

Olecranon

A

Curvy bone eminence of the ulna forming the pointed portion of the elbow

97
Q

Anconeus origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

98
Q

Anconeus insertion

A

Olecranon

99
Q

Anconeus innervation

A

Radial nerve

Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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