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Musculoskeletal > Forearm and Hand > Flashcards

Forearm and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of the interosseous membrane

A

Hinge
Muscle attachment
Force transmission

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2
Q

3 joints of the wrist

A

Radio-carpal
Mid-carpal
Carpo-metacapal

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3
Q

Radio-carpal joint location

A

Between radius and fibrous articular disc proximally

Between scaphoid, lunate and triquetral distally

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4
Q

Mid-carpal joint location

A

Between two rows of carpal bones

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5
Q

Carpo-metacarpal joint location

A

Between distal row of carpals and medial 4 digits

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6
Q

8 carpal bones

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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7
Q

The hand only has 4:

A

Middle phalanges

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8
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

Fibrous band on the palmar side of the hand near the wrist

Forms the carpal tunnel by arching over and covering the carpal bones

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9
Q

4 superficial muscles in the anterior forearm

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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10
Q

Humeral head of pronator teres origin

A

Medial supracondylar ridge

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11
Q

Ulnar head of pronator teres origin

A

Coronoid process

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12
Q

Pronator teres insertion

A

Lateral surface of radius

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13
Q

Flexor carpi radialis origin

A

Medial epicondyle

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14
Q

Flexor carpi radialis insertion

A

Anterior aspect of base of second metacarpal

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15
Q

Palmaris longus origin

A

Medial epicondyle

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16
Q

Palmaris longus insertion

A

Palmar aponeurosis

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17
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

A

Medial epicondyle

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18
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

The pisiform and the hamate

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19
Q

1 intermediate muscle in the anterior forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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20
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis origin

A

Common flexor tendon

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21
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion

A

Anterior margins on the bases of the middle phalanges of the fingers

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22
Q

3 deep muscles in the anterior forearm

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

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23
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus origin

A

Anterior ulna and interosseous membrane

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24
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion

A

Distal phalanges of fingers

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25
Q

Flexor pollicis longus origin

A

Anterior radius and interosseous membrane

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26
Q

Flexor pollicis longus insertion

A

Base of distal phalynx of thumb

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27
Q

Pronator quadratus origin

A

Medial anterior ulna

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28
Q

Pronator quadratus insertion

A

Lateral anterior radius

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29
Q

Muscles of the anterior forearm innervated by median nerve

A 
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
Lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus
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30
Q

Muscles of the anterior forearm innervated by ulnar nerve

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus

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31
Q

Muscles of the anterior forearm innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve

A

Pronator quadratus
Flexor pollicis longus
Lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus

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32
Q

Muscles innervated by recurrent branch of median nerve

A

Thenar muscles

1st and 2nd lumbricals

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33
Q

3 posterior compartment muscles that act upon the wrist

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

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34
Q

3 posterior compartment muscles that act upon the thumb

A

Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus

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35
Q

3 posterior compartment muscles that extend the fingers

A

Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi

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36
Q

3 posterior compartment muscles that act upon the forearm only

A

Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Supinator

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37
Q

Brachioradialis origin

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

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38
Q

Brachioradialis insertion

A

Radial styloid process

39
Q

Brachioradialis function

A

Flexes elbow

40
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

Radial nerve

41
Q

7 superficial muscles of the posterior compartment

A 
Brachioradialis
Anconeus
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
42
Q

5 deep muscles of the posterior compartment

A 
Extensor indicis
Extensor pollicis longus
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Supinator
43
Q

4 muscles that attach to the common extensor tendon

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris

44
Q

The common extensor tendon attaches to the:

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

45
Q

The common flexor tendon attaches to the:

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

46
Q

5 muscles that attach to the common flexor tendon

A 
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
47
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

Base of 5th metacarpal

48
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

Base of 3rd metacarpal

49
Q

Extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

Dorsal digital expansion hood

50
Q

Extensor digitorum insertion

A

Dorsal digital expansion hood

51
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

Base of 2nd metacarpal

52
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge

53
Q

Anconeus origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

54
Q

Anconeus insertion

A

Olecranon of ulna

55
Q

Supinator deep head origin

A

Proximal ulna

56
Q

Supinator superficial head origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

57
Q

Supinator insertion

A

Radial shaft

58
Q

Abductor pollicis longus origin

A

Ulna, radius and interosseous membrance

59
Q

Abductor pollicis longus insertion

A

Base of 1st metacarpal

60
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis origin

A

Ulna and radius

61
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis insertion

A

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

62
Q

Extensor pollicis longus origin

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane

63
Q

Extensor pollicis longus insertion

A

Base of distal phalanx of thumb

64
Q

Extensor indicis origin

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane

65
Q

Extensor indicis insertion

A

Dorsal digital expansion hood

66
Q

Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments location

A

Between the heads of 2nd and 3rd, 3rd and 4th and 4th and 5th metacarpals

67
Q

Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments function

A

Stops fingers spreading too widely

68
Q

Palmar ligaments location

A

Travel up the metacarpals and form the floor of fibro-osseus tunnels at the joints

69
Q

Palmar aponeurosis

A

Triangular fibrous sheet fanning out from distal edge of flexor retinaculum

70
Q

The tendon of _______ _____ inserts into the palmar aponeurosis

A

Palmaris longus

71
Q

Dorsal interossei innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

72
Q

Dorsal interossei insertion

A

Midline of middle 3 digits - dorsal hood and base of digit

73
Q

Dorsal interossei function

A

Abduction of fingers

74
Q

Palmar interossei innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

75
Q

Palmar interossei insertion

A

Dorsal expansion hood of digits 1, 2, 4 and 5 directing away from midline

76
Q

Palmar interossei function

A

Adduction of fingers

77
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

78
Q

First and second lumbricals

A

Unipennate
Median nerve innervation
Attach laterally to dorsal hood

79
Q

Third and fourth lumbricals

A

Bipennate
Ulnar nerve innervation
Attach laterally to dorsal hood

80
Q

Extensor hood function

A

Holds extensor digitorum tendon on the knuckle

81
Q

Attachment of extensor digitorum

A

Base of distal phalanx

82
Q

Attachment of middle slip of extensor expansion

A

Base of middle phalanx

83
Q

Attachment of flexor digitorum profundus

A

Base of distal phalanx

84
Q

Attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Sides of anterior surface of the middle phalanx

85
Q

When the flexor digitorum profundus contracts while the interossei and lumbricals relax:

A

The metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints flex

86
Q

When the flexor digitorum profundus contracts while the interossei and lumbricals contract:

A

The metacarpophalangeal joins flex and the interphalangeal joints extend

87
Q

3 thenar muscles

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

88
Q

3 hypothenar muscles

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

89
Q

The superficial branches of the ulnar nerve in the hand innervate:

A

The little finger and the ulnar side of the ring finger

90
Q

The deep branches of the ulnar nerve in the hand innervate:

A

The hypothenar muscles, the interossei, the medial two lumbricals and adductor pollicis

91
Q

The ulnar nerve passes ____ the flexor retinaculum

A

Over

Then lies on the ulnar side of the ulnar artery

92
Q

The median nerve passes ____ the flexor retinaculum

A

Under

Then lies under the palmar aponeurosis

93
Q

The thenar muscles are supplied by:

A

The recurrent branch of the median nerve

94
Q

Deep muscles of the forearm are supplied by:

A

Anterior interosseous membrane from the short common interosseous artery from the ulnar artery

Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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