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Musculoskeletal > Other > Flashcards

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1
Q

CNS parts

A

Brain + spinal cord

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2
Q

PNS parts

A

Cranial and spinal nerves

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3
Q

Somatic nervous system control

A

Skeletal muscle

Afferent and efferent fibres

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4
Q

Autonomic nervous system control

A

Internal organs

Fight or flight response

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5
Q

Sympathetic control

A

Nervous activity

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6
Q

Parasympathetic control

A

Slows nervous system

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7
Q

Ganglia

A

Group of nerve cell bodies in the PNS that act as intermediates between two nervous systems

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8
Q

Plexus

A

Branching network of nerves or vessels

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9
Q

Dermatome

A

Area of skin supplied by single spinal nerve

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10
Q

Myotome

A

Muscles innervated by single spinal nerve

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11
Q

Dorsal ramus innervation

A

Back muscles

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12
Q

Ventral ramus innervation

A

Body and limb muscles

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13
Q

Denticulate ligament

A

Attaches pia mater to arachnoid mater and dura mater

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14
Q

3 meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

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15
Q

Number of cervical nerves

A

8

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16
Q

Number of thoracic nerves

A

12

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17
Q

Number of lumbar nerves

A

5

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18
Q

Number of sacral nerves

A

5

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19
Q

Filum terminale internum/externum

A

Attaches spinal cord to spinal column

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20
Q

The 2 enlargements

A

Cervical and lumbosacral

21
Q

Conus medullaris

A

Tapered lower end of spinal cord where cauda equina emerges from

22
Q

Cauda equina

A

Bundle of spinal nerves and rootlets emerging from lumbar enlargement and conus medullaris

23
Q

The 7 processes on a vertebrae

A

1 spinous
2 transverse
2 superior articular
2 inferior articular

24
Q

Transverse foramen

A

2 holes in cervical vertebrae allowing vertebral artery and vein to connect up to the brain

25
Q

Vertebral foramen

A

Opening formed by the body and the arch

Begins at atlas, goes down to L5

26
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

Foramen between two spinal vertebrae present between every pair of vertebrae from cervical to lumbar

27
Q

Bifid

A

Double ended spinous process on cervical vertebrae for specialised muscle attachment

28
Q

Demifacets

A

Small ‘half’ facets
Superior and inferior costal facets
4 in total

29
Q

4 facets

A

2 superior articular facets

2 inferior articular facets

30
Q

Lamina

A

The plate of bone that connects the spinous process to the articular processes

31
Q

Pedicles

A

Segment between transverse process and vertebral body

32
Q

Atlas

A

C1
No vertebral body or spinous process
Possesses transverse processes and transverse foramen
Superior facets articulate with occipital bone of skull

33
Q

Axis

A

C2

Dens projects up and meets with atlas which allows head rotation

34
Q

C5 key movement

A

Elbow flexion

35
Q

C6 key movement`

A

Wrist extension

36
Q

C7 key movement

A

Elbow extension

37
Q

C8 key movement

A

Finger flexion

38
Q

T1 key movement

A

Finger abduction

39
Q

L2 key movement

A

Hip flexion

40
Q

L3 key movement

A

Knee extension

Also hip flexion

41
Q

L4 key movement

A

Ankle dorsiflexion

Also hip extension and knee extension

42
Q

L5 key movement

A

Toe extension

Also hip extension, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion

43
Q

S1 key movement

A

Ankle plantarflexion

Also knee flexion and toe extension/flexion

44
Q

S2 key movement

A

Ankle plantarflexion and toe flexion

45
Q

5 ligaments of the back

A 
Anterior longitudinal
Posterior longitudinal
Ligamentum flavum
Interspinous
Supraspinous
46
Q

4 superficial muscles of the back

A

Latissimus dorsi
Trapezius
Rhomboids
Levator scapulae

47
Q

2 intermediate muscles of the back

A

Serratus posterior superior

Serratus posterior inferior

48
Q

4 deep muscles of the back

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Multifidus

49
Q

The intrinsic back muscles are innervated by:

A

The posterior rami

Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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