Thermodynamics Law 1 Flashcards
what is Ea expressed as?
change in free energy associated with reaching transition state of rate determining step of reaction
delta G has 2 components
what are they?
- enthalpy
- entropy
what is enthalpy?
changes in chemical bonding / non - covalent interactions
what is entropy?
changes in order/disorder
what are the 2 main types of energy?
KE - released in movement
potential energy - energy possessed due to position
what is a system?
vessel of interest
give eg of systems?
- flasks
- cells/whole animals
what is a surrounding?
place where record observations
surroundings have ….
constant vol/pressure
remain constant even when system changes
what are the 3 system types?
- open: can exchange energy + matter with surroundings
- closed: can exchange energy. NOT matter
- isolated: no exchange
heating =
energy transfer between systems + surroundings
what are diathermic barriers?
metals, skin, membranes
efficient energy transfer
adiabatic barriers prevent …
transfer
relief of pressure causes weight to be lifted which is classed as doing …
work
sealed systems melt more …
ice
if a system does work, w =
negative
if a system has work done on it, w =
positive
q is negative if system …
heats surroundings
a system will do no work if on expansion …
there is no opposing force
when does the system do most work?
when opposing pressure is less than internal pressure
the temperature of gas is…
same at beginning and end of expansion
kinetic energy of perfect gas will remain …
constant
the total energy is equal to KE
therefore…
the total energy is constant
what is internal energy (U)?
total energy (kinetic + potential) of all atoms, mol + ions that constitute system of interest
