Therapeutics and Topicals Flashcards
creams are a semisolid emulsion of ___ in _____
creams are a semisolid emulsion of oil in water
what do creams contain?
emulsifiers and preservatives
ointments are a semisolid ______/___
for thickened ________ of eczema/psoriasis
ointments are a semisolid GREASE/OIL
for thickened PLAQUES of eczema/psoriasis
ointments contain preservatives.
true or false?
false!
ointments DO NOT contain preservatives
lotions are suspensions of __________ in _____ or _______
used in _____ places
lotions are suspensions of MEDICATION in WATER or ALCOHOL
used in HAIRY places
gels are semi-solids containing ____ ________ ______ _______
gels are semi-solids containing HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMERS
pastes are semisolids containing finely powdered ____ _____ commonly used to treat ___ ______
pastes are semisolids containing finely powdered ZINC OXIDE commonly used to treat LEG ULCERS
foams are usually ____________ liquid in continuous phase with foaming agent dispersed in _______ phase
foams are usually HYDROPHILIC liquid in continuous phase with foaming agent dispersed in GASEOUS phase
emollients enhance ___________ of the epidermis
emollients enhance REHYDRATION of the epidermis
prescribe ___-___g of emollient weekly (BNF)
prescribe 300-500g of emollient weekly (BNF)
emollients should be applied immediately after what?
bathing
what type of therapy is used in very dry (xerotic) skin?
wet wrap therapy
name the 3 modes of action of topical corticosteroids
vasoconstrictive
anti-inflammatory
antiproliferative
topical steroids reduce ____________ and cause ______ ___________
topical steroids reduce INFLAMMATION and cause IMMUNE SUPPRESSION
what conditions indicate the use of topical steroids? (4)
eczema
psoriasis
lichen plants
keloid scars
the rebound affect of steroid on psoriasis causes what?
pustular psoriasis
name some common side effects of topical steroids
skin thinning purpura stretch marks telangectasia rosacea perioral dermatitis mask infection Cushings syndrome tachyphylaxis rebound flare - psoriasis
what do calicneurin inhibitors (Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus) suppress?
what condition is this a treatment in? and in who?
lymphocyte activation
NSAID
atopic eczema - face of children
antiseptics can have 2 effects. name them.
bacteriostatic
bacateriocidal
name 3 clinical uses of antiseptics
recurrent infections
antibiotic resistance
wound irrigation
what would you use in acute exudative eczema, pompholyx
potassium permanganate rinse/soak/bath
name 3 cases you would use an antiviral agent
herpes simplex - topical
eczema herpeticum - topical
herpes zoster (shingles) - oral
what condition is it when someone with eczema acquires an infection?
eczema herpeticum (well defined, punched out spots on face)
what would you treat candida (thrush), dermatophytes (ringworm) and pityriasis versicolor with?
topical antifungals
peripheral scale on a large blemish indicates what?
tinea corporis (ringworm)
name the common condition seen in fit healthy individuals with pink inflammation and hyper/hypo pigmentation
pityriasis versicolor
name some antipruritics (4)
menthol - derma cool
caspsaicin
camphor/phenol
crotamiton
keratolytics are used to soften what? name some conditions
keratin
viral warts
hyperkeratotic eczema and psoriasis
corns and calluses
to remove keratin plaques
treatment of warts is mechanical pairing plus what?
keratolytics such as salicylic acid formaldehyde silver nitrate cryotherapy etc
name some topical psoriasis treatments
emollients and a choice of…
coal tar vitamin D analogue keratolytic topical steroid dithranol
