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Dermatology > Pathology - Rash > Flashcards

Pathology - Rash Flashcards

1
Q

the dermis is composed of which 2 types of collagen?

A

type 1

type 111

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2
Q

name the pathological terms to describe the following:

  1. increased thickness of keratin layer
  2. persistence of nuclei in the keratin layer
  3. increased thickness of epithelium
A
  1. increased thickness of keratin layer - HYPERKERATOSIS
  2. persistence of nuclei in the keratin layer - PARAKERATOSIS
  3. increased thickness of epithelium - ACANTHOSIS
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3
Q

irregular epithelial thickening is also known as ______________

A

irregular epithelial thickening is also known as PAPILLOMATOSIS

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4
Q

oedema fluid between the squames increases the prominence of intercellular prickles describes what?

A

spongiosis

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5
Q

how many classifications of reaction pattern are there?

A

4

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6
Q

name the 4 main reaction patterns

A
  1. spongiotic-intraepidermal oedema
  2. psoriasiform-elongation of the rete ridges
  3. Lichenoid-basal layer damage
  4. vesiculobullous-blistering
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7
Q

name a disease/condition the is classifies as spongiotic-intraepidermal oedema

A

eczema

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8
Q

name a disease/condition the is classifies as psoriasiform-elongation of the rete ridges

A

psoriasis

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9
Q

name a disease/condition the is classifies as Lichenoid-basal layer damage

A

lichen plants and lupus

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10
Q

name a disease/condition the is classifies as vesiculobullous-blistering

A

pemphigoid, pemphigus and dermatitis herpetiformis

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11
Q

psoriasis is associated with epidermal ___________ and specific ___ types

A

psoriasis is associated with epidermal HYPERPASIA and specific HLA types

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12
Q

Lichen planus histology:

  1. irregular ________ acanthosis
  2. ______granulosis and ortho______________
  3. upper dermal _________ infiltrate
  4. basal damage with ______ ____ formation
A

Lichen planus histology:

  1. irregular SAWTOOTH acanthosis
  2. HYPERgranulosis and orthoHYPERKERATOSIS
  3. upper dermal LYMPHOCYTE infiltrate
  4. basal damage with CYTOID BODY formation
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13
Q

_______ lupus resembles lichen planus

A

DISCOID lupus resembles lichen planus

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14
Q

what is the primary feature in immunobullous diseases?

A

blisters

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15
Q

name 3 important immunobullous disorders

A
  1. pemphigus
  2. bullous pemphigoid
  3. dermatitis herpetiformis
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16
Q

pemphigus has _ distinct subtypes but __% of cases is pemphigus ________

A

pemphigus has 4 distinct subtypes but 80% of cases is pemphigus VULGARIS

17
Q

pemphigus vulgaris is an __________ condition

A

pemphigus vulgaris is an AUTOIMMUNE condition

18
Q

what type of auto-antibody are made against desmoglein 3 in pemphigus vulgaris?

A

IgG

19
Q

what is the end result in pemphigus vulgaris?

A

acantholysis

20
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis is a ____ condition with a strong association with what disease?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis is a RARE condition with a strong association with COELIAC DISEASE

21
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with ___ haplotype, intensely _____ symmetrical lesions of the _____, ____ and _______

A

dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with HLA haplotype, intensely ITCHY symmetrical lesions of the ELBOW, KNEE and BUTTOCKS

22
Q

what is the hallmark of dermatitis herpetiformis?

A

papillary dermal microabscesses

23
Q

what antibody is important in dermatitis herpetiformis?

A

IgA target gliadin generating neutrophil chemotaxis

24
Q

acne vulgaris:

  1. _________ androgens at puberty
  2. increased androgen ___________
  3. pilosebaceous units become _______
  4. keratin and sebum _____ up and ruptures causing _____ ___________
A

acne vulgaris:

  1. INCREASED androgens at puberty
  2. increased androgen SENSITIVITY
  3. pilosebaceous units become PLUGGED
  4. keratin and sebum BUILD up and ruptures causing ACUTE INFLAMMATION
25
Q

rosacea is more common in which sex?

A

female

26
Q

what is rosacea?

A

recurrent facial flushing - visible blood vessels and pustules and rhinophyma

27
Q

what triggers aggravate rosacea?

A

sunlight
alcohol
spicy foods
stress

28
Q

rosacea sometimes responds to what?

A

tetracyclines

29
Q

rosacea hallmarks:

________ ectasia and pustules

A

rosacea hallmarks:

VASCULAR ectasia and pustules

30
Q

rosacea pathology:

perifollicular __________ and follicular ________ mites often noted

A

rosacea pathology:

perifollicular GRANULOMAS and follicular DERMODEX mites often noted

Dermatology (19 decks)

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