Skin Cancer Flashcards
name the 2 main types of skin cancer
non-melanoma
melanoma
name the 2 types of non-melanoma skin cancer
BCC
SCC
name the most common type of skin cancer
BCC
which type of skin cancer is most likely to metastasise?
melanoma
difficult to treat once spread
name the measurement tool for melanoma depth
Breslow thickness
what is the Breslow thickness for a 5 year survival of 95-100%
< 1 mm
what is the Breslow thickness for a 5 year survival of 50%
> 4 mm
if a melanoma has metastasised, what is the 5 year survival?
5%
outline the ABCDE rule for melanoma
A - asymmetry B - border C - colour D - diameter E - evolution
BCC or SCC?
slow growing lump or non-healing ulcer
painless and often ignored
locally invasive, but doesn’t spread
most can be treated by skin surgery
BCC
BCC or SCC?
warty or crusted lump or ulcer
arises on sun-damaged skin
grow faster, may be painful &/or bleed
if neglected may spread
SCC
which cancer is described as ‘pearly’ or translucent?
BCC
the central ulceration of a BCC is known as what?
rodent ulcer
BCC can present as a scaly _______, ________, infiltrative or pigmented
SCC can present as a scaly PLAQUE, NODULAR, infiltrative or pigmented
SCC arises on ___-_______ skin
SCC arises on SUN-DAMAGED skin
name the 2 precursor lesions of SCC
actinic keratoses
Bowen’s disease
name the self-resolving form of SCC
kertoacanthoma
where is a high risk site of SCC?
ear
lip and scalp also
name risk factors for skin cancer
sun exposure
genetic predisposition
immunosuppression
environmental carcinogens
name the genetic condition that increases your susceptibility for skin cacner
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
what is defective in Xeroderma Pigmentosum?
NER - nucleotide excision repair
_______________ albinism also increases your risk of developing skin cancer
OCCULOCUTANEOUS albinism also increases your risk of developing skin cancer
Naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is also known as what syndrome?
Garlin’s Syndrome
what are the major features of Garlin’s Syndrome?
early onset multiple BCCs
palmar pits
jaw cysts
ectopic calcification falx
recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is also known as what?
butterfly disease
butterfly disease is a hereditary type ___ ________ deficiency
butterfly disease is a hereditary type VII COLLAGEN deficiency
the risk of which type of cancer is dramatically increased in organ transplant patients?
SCC
a broad spectrum sun screen of SPF__+ with ___ protection is recommended
a broad spectrum sun screen of SPF25+ with UVA protection is recommended
name a common environmental carcinogen for skin cancer
ionising radiation
name some condition requiring immunosuppression simultaneously increasing skin cancer rates
IBD
RA
vasculitis
AIDS/HIV
